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History of Sweden, Christina was lesbian, enjoyed traditionally male…
History of Sweden
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6. Early modern history
Finland was lost to Russia in 1809, but a union was formed in 1814 with Norway after beating Napoleon and Denmark, lasting until its peaceful dissolution in 1905.
Norway already had a lot of autonomy since it was never happy with the union, and war would have broken out in 1905 had the Swedish population not been against it.
Sweden remained a regional power until the 19th century, but after the GNW it ceased to be a great power.
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2. Middle ages
The Vikings raided all the way to Anatolia, Africa and even settled the colony of Vinland in North America.
During the early Middle Ages, Sweden was divided between the Swedes (Svealand) and the Goths (Gotäland), and Eric the Victorious (r. 970-995) is often considered the first true Swedish king.
He was succeeded by his son Olof Skötkonung (995-1022), who attempted to convert Sweden to Christianity, but the pagan beliefs would only truly die around the 14th century.
Svealand and Gotäland were united under Sverker I (r. 1132-1156), whose house of Sverker would compete with the house of Eric over the next century.
Over the next century, Sweden began expanding into Finland under crusades.
Stockholm was founded in 1266 by the house of Eric and became the capital and center of trade of Sweden.
1. Early history
The Nordic countries were settled by the Indo-European people that started the Nordic Bronze Age (c. 1700-500 BC).
With the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, many moved South, but the ones that stayed developed the Proto-Nordic culture around Denmark.
In the Northern mountains of Scandinavia lived the Sami, an Ugric speaking people that came from the Artic regions.
Christina was lesbian, enjoyed traditionally male hobbies and clothes, and secretly converted to Catholicism.
She was also an intellectual and lover of the arts, even hiring Descartes to her court in 1649, but he couldn’t adapt to the weather and died of pneumonia in 1650.
After her abdication, she lived a while in Rome, and is one of the three women to be buried in the Vatican.
Sweden tried to make a colonial empire, and had small outposts in North America and Africa, but these were lost to the Dutch and Danish.