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Ideology - Coggle Diagram
Ideology
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Marxist view of Ideology
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Main ideas
conflict view - society divided into 2 classes: capitalist ruling class (means of production and control the state) and working class (forced to sell their labour). The capitalists exploit the workers’ labour to produce profit --> workers overthrow capitalism through socialist revolution and classless society
revolution --> class consciousness difficult to gain --> ruling class control production of ideas through institutions (eg. education, mass media, and religion --> reproduce ruling class ideology + justify the status quo.
Hegemony (Gramsci)
ruling class’ ideological domination of society --> hegemony, working class can develop ideas that challenge ruling class hegemony --> dual consciousness (both ruling class ideology and ideas experience of exploitation and struggle)
develop class consciousness and overthrow capitalism --> requires political party of “organic intellectuals” --> workers, faced anticapitalist struggles + developed a class consciousness.
Criticisms: not dominant ideology preventing the overthrow of capitalism. Abercrombie et al --> economic factors (eg. fear of unemployment) --> keeps workers from rebelling.
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Ruling class ideology
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victim blaming ideas about poverty eg. Bowles and Gintis’ “poor are dumb” theory of meritocracy (everyone has an equal chance so the poor are poor because they are stupid or lazy)
racist ideas about the inferioirty of ethnic minorities whihc divide black and white workers and make them easier to rule.
dominant ideas --> ruling class, functions to prevent change --> false consciousness among workers
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