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United Kingdom - Coggle Diagram

- - - - 650 members, elected in single member districts
      - 'Mother of Parliaments' but not very powerful
      - debating parliament
      - can change its own rules with simple majority
      - fixed term parliaments act: no snap-elections, set term
      - fixed term can be overridden with two-thirds majority
    - - seats of the aristocracy
      - membership used to be passed on hereditarily, changed in 1999
      - 800 members
      - only 92 hereditary, others appointed by monarch; seated for life
      - used to be very powerful, not anymore
      - very limited in democracy
  - - - 1978-1979: Lib-Lab pact
      - 2010-2015: Conservative-LidDem coalition (hung)
      - 2017-2019: Conservative minority government with DUP support
  - - - E.g., Brexit law
      - E.g., Johnson wanted to suspend his parliament, stopped by Supreme Court
  - - - unicameralism (UK: very weak bicameralism)
      - unitary government
      - cabinet dominance
      - no written constitution & absence of judicial review
      - single party cabinets
      - SMD electoral system; 2 party system
- - - - internationalism
      - post-material values
      - multiculturalism
      - welfare state
      - state ownership of industry
  - - - traditional values
      - law & order
      - unionist
      - EU skepticism; Atlanticism
      - free market liberalism, small state
- - - - creation of parliament
      - creation bill of rights
    - - big class cleavages
      - wealth and power
- - - - Catholic-Protestant divide
      - Overlapping with
        
        class/social position
        
        pro-Irish / pro-British
        
        region (to some extent)
- - - - MMP in Scotland and Wales
      - STV in Northern Ireland
    - - 533 England
      - 58 Scotland
      - 40 Wales
      - 18 Northern Ireland
    - - disproportionality in favor of big parties
      - psychological effect: wasted votes