[Greenland Ecosystems]Article&Video- -Game
structural characteristics
climate
trees are on the top level with best access to sunlight, shrubs are in the second and grasses/ small plants occupy the bottom level
Temperate forests are in areas where the climate alters a lot from summer to winter.
Tropical rain forests are found in regions where the weather remains constantly hot and moist throughout the year.
species
They fall into two subcategories—broad-leaved forests and sclerophyllous forests. The former grow in regions that have reliably high, year-round rainfall; the latter occur in areas with lower, more erratic rainfall. 
The fauna of temperate forests resembles the regional fauna.However, the structure of the vegetation provides similar ecological niches in all regions of the same vegetation type, so that, although different species inhabit different forests, they are of a similar type.
species
ample sunlight and moisture are the essential building blocks for tropical rainforests’ diverse flora and fauna. Roughly half of the world’s species can be found here.
Tundra grasslands are also known as polar grasslands. It is located in higher altitudes to subarctic areas. Tundra grassland ecosystem experience a very short growing season. As far as the vegetation of tundra grasslands is concerned, it consists of huge grass fields and shrubs in between.
The desert grassland has been described as a transitional vegetation type that separates the true deserts of the lowlands from higher elevation shrublands and woodlands. The spatial distribution of desert grasslands is strongly influenced by the interaction of climate, soils, and topography.
If trees are felled and rainfall is consistently low
Desert grassland vegetation is highly responsive to subtle differences in soils and topography, resulting in localized patches of distinct vegetation in areas that share a common climate and elevation. 
If vegetation is further reduced and more arid, grasslands will become deserts
they have some similar characteristics
In general terms, an ecosystem with huge open lands where the vegetation includes different types of grasses with very few numbers of trees is known as the grassland ecosystem.
the relative contribution of co-dominating life forms, such as subshrubs, shrubby trees, succulents, and forbs, varies widely in desert grasslands throughout the regionx
Hot and Dry Desert
Aridity is the common characteristic of all the deserts on the earth. Aridity simply implies the deficiency of moisture’s or dryness. Desert experience very less rainfall and thus result in aridity.
A few scientists consider Antarctica to be a type of cold desert because it gets very little rain or snow. 
Full-sun plants that don’t need any shade.
Drought tolerant plants, shrubs, and trees that survive without water.
Plants that grow well in sandy, arid soil.
Cacti, succulents, shrubs, and trees that tolerate hot temperatures during the day and cold at night.
desert animals keep cool by being active at night, whereas some other desert animals get away from the sun's heat by digging underground burrows. Other common adaptations seen in desert animals include big ears, light-colored coats, humps to store fat, and adaptations that help conserve water. 
they are very cold and have few plants and animals
active surface layer is frozen in the winter and spring, but thaws in the summer
freeze-thaw cycle
the tundra also hosts abundant bacteria and fungi, which are essential to proper ecosystem functioning in the biome. They are active under the snow, and their composition changes dramatically from winter and spring to summer in response to changes in soil temperature, moisture, carbon availability, and the nature of carbon-containing substrates
The transition from mountain forest to the shrub- and herb-dominated alpine tundra at higher elevations is very similar to the transition from the coniferous forest belt to the Arctic tundra at higher latitudes.