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Gerund, Infinitive, Verb + Infinitive or Ing, Verb + object + infinitive +…
Gerund
Dislike, can't stand, not mind, enjoy
Admit, Consider, Recommend, Propose, Imagine, Look forward to, Suggest, Think of, Discuss
Avoid, Deny, Involve, Mention, Miss, Risk
Subject:
Living in the city is more exciting than living in the country.
Sport, activity if there is a verb.
Go + ing.
The boys go fishing at the weekend. I go shopping - it's the best way to relax.
About work in home.
The/some + ing
. Have you done the ironing? We'd better do some cleaning this weekend.
After preposition: I am looking forward to seeing you.
Infinitive
Infinitive
without to
.
Modal verb
(Can, will etc.)
Make/Let, always with object.
When active: no to: He made me walk 50 km.
When passive with to: I was made to walk 50 km.
In passive instead of Let, we use Allowed to: I wasn't allowed to sleep.
Would rather, without to.
I would rather prefer go by plane.
Agree, Choose, Decide, Learn, Want, Wish
Aim, Arrange, Hope, Offer, Plan, Prepare, Promise, Refuse, Threaten
Appear, Pretend, Seem, Tend
Attempt, Can (Can't) afford, Deserve, Fail, Offer
After Adjective. I was sad to see my test score?
After noun/pronoun. We asked them to go to the beach with us.
Verb + Infinitive or Ing
Different meaning
Forget/Remember
Ing for event in the past: I'll never forget riding my first bike? Do you remember learning to swim?
to+ infinitive: for something you should do/should have done. Did you remember to bring the CDs?
Go on
Continue activity: They stopped, but we went on walking.
Change from one action to another: After a slow start, she went on to win the race.
Regret
Feel sorry about something you did: I regret not studying harder at school.
say sorry in formal letter: We regret to inform you that you have not been called for interview.
Stop
Finish action: Have you stopped practicing now?
Finish action in order to do something else: No, we've just stopped to take a break.
Try
Do something as an experiment: Try turning it off and on again.
Attempt to do something difficult: I'm not an electrician, but I'll try to mend it.
Need
I need to drink (physical necessity)
This room needs cleaning. (someone should clean it)
Help, Can't help
I help (to) run the local charity shop. (help)
I couldn't help laughing (avoid doing it)
Little difference
Sense object (Feel, Hear, See etc.)
No difference.
Begin, Start, Continue, Intend. It's just started to rain. / It's just started raining.
Verb + object + infinitive + to
Can have object between verb and infinitive + to. No that clause:
Ask, Beg, Dare, Expect, Intend, Mean, Require, Want, Wish
Always have an objective between verb and infinitive + to.
Advise, Allow, Cause, Encourage, Forbid, Force, Invite, Permit, Persuade, Remind, Teach, Tell, Order, Warn
Like/Love/Hate/Prefer
Gerund or Infinitive
I
love going
mountain climbing. (Like activity).
I
would love to go
mountain climbing (in the future)
Would rather, without to.
I would rather prefer go by plane.