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Parasites - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Diagnose
        
        Visualise worm
      - Example
        
        Dracunculus
        
        Water
        
        Copepods
        
        Adults migrate to skin
        
        painful papule
        
        worm removed
        
        Onchocerca
        
        female blackfly
        
        Microfilariae
        
        Subcutaneous
        
        Onchocercoma
        
        Skin symptoms
        
        Ocular
        
        Keratitis
        
        Uveitis
        
        Blindness
        
        Lymph system
        
        Death
        
        Inflammatory response
        
        Loa Loa
        
        deer fly
        
        larvae penetrate thru bite
        
        adults in subcut. tissue
        
        swim across eye
        
        Disease
        
        asymptomatic
        
        Calabar swelling
        
        Detection of microfilariae
        
        Wucheria
        
        Lymphatic filariasis
        
        Elephantiasis
        
        non pitting edema
        
        hardened tissue
        
        Disfigured
        
        Mosquito bites
        
        Microfilarie on smear
        
        Toxocara
        
        cat and dogs
        
        children
        
        Disease
        
        Hepatitis
        
        Pneumonitis
    - - Diagnosis
        
        Stool
      - Examples
        
        Enterobius
        
        Children
        
        moist environments
        
        Perianal foods
        
        itching
        
        night
        
        Scotch tape test
        
        Ascaris
        
        children
        
        giant
        
        tropical environment
        
        larvae penetrate
        
        blood/lymph spread
        
        Disease
        
        GI upset
        
        bowel obstruction
        
        Loefflers syndrome
        
        Strongyloides
        
        penetrate skin
        
        migrate via blood to skin
        
        mucociliary elevator
        
        Autoinfection
        
        Disease
        
        Skin reactions
        
        Pulmonary migration
        
        Duodenitis
        
        Hyperinfection
        
        Hookworm
        
        species
        
        Ancylostoma
        
        Necator
        
        Larvae penetrate skin
        
        ascend bronchial tree
        
        Disease
        
        Produce anticoagulants
        
        Anemia
        
        Malnutrition
        
        Trichinella
        
        Cysts in undercooked meat
        
        Striated muscles
        
        muscle weakness
        
        Diagnosis
        
        Serology
        
        Biopsy
        
        Periorbital edema
  - - - Cestodes
        
        Taenia
        
        raw meat
        
        asymptomatic
        
        mild GI
        
        Neurocysticercosis
        
        fecal-oral
        
        eggs
        
        disseminate
        
        Brain
        
        cysts
        
        seizures
        
        Muscles
        
        Liver
        
        Diphylobothrium
        
        infected fish
        
        B12 deficiency
        
        macrocytic megaloblastic anemia
        
        Hypersegmented PMN
        
        Neurologic symptoms
        
        Echinococcus
        
        dogs
        
        Diseases
        
        Hepatomegaly
        
        RUQ pain
        
        Cyst rupture
        
        anaphylaxis
        
        Surgical treatment
    - - Trematodes
        
        Schistosoma
        
        snails
        
        blood vessels
        
        inflammation problematic
        
        eggs
        
        Disease
        
        Swimmers itch
        
        acute
        
        Chronic
        
        GI
        
        GU
        
        hematuria
        
        SCC
        
        Liver/Spleen
        
        Granuloma
        
        Clonorchis
        
        China and nearby
        
        Contaminated fish
        
        Ascend to biliary tract
        
        Disease
        
        Biliary inflammation
        
        obstruction
        
        Pigmented gallstone
        
        Cholangiocarcinoma
        
        Paragonimus
        
        crabs raw
        
        Lungs
        
        Hemoptysis
        
        Chocolate colored sputum
        
        eggs
- - - - Mosquito bite
        
        Sporozoites to liver
        
        Mature to multinucleated schizont
        
        Schizont rupture
        
        Merozoites
        
        Invade RBC
        
        1 more item...
      - asymptomatic for one month
    - - Paroxysms of fever
        
        febrile
        
        ALOC
        
        shiver and chilling
      - Anemia
        
        hemolytic
        
        jaundice
      - Splenomegaly
      - Seizures
      - Blackwater fever
      - Shock
      - Premunition
    - - Vivax/Ovale
        
        48hr
        
        Tertian
        
        Dormant form in liver
        
        hypnozoites
        
        Primaquine treatment
      - Malaria
        
        72hr
        
        Quartan
      - Falciparum
        
        Irregular
        
        invades RBC of any age
        
        reticulocytes
        
        sticky knobs on RBC surfaces
        
        PfEMP1
        
        occluded capillaries
        
        Cerebral malaria
        
        Renal failure
        
        Blackwater fever
      - Knowlesi
    - - Giemsa
        
        Wright
        
        Banana shaped
      - Hemozoin pigment
      - Schuffner dots
    - - Duffy antigen
        
        Protective against Vivax
      - Sickle cell
      - Thalassemia
    - - Chloroquine
        
        Resistance
        
        Mefloquine
        
        Prophylaxis
        
        Vivid dream
        
        Retinopathy
        
        long term use
      - Artesunate
      - Quinidine
      - Atovaquone
      - Immunosuppression
      - G6PD deficiency
  - - - Borrelia
        
        same geography
      - Anaplasma
    - - Fever
      - Hemolytic anemia
      - Splenomegaly
    - - Maltese Cross
      - PCR
- - - - Giardia
        
        Water
        
        Mountain stream
        
        Camper/Hiker
        
        Ingested cysts
        
        trophozoites in intestine
        
        Steatorrhea
        
        floating stools
        
        Flatulence
        
        Diagnosis
        
        Cysts in stool
        
        Trophozoites in stool
        
        ELISA antigen
        
        String test
        
        Selective IgA deficiency
        
        Brutons Agamma
      - Entamoeba
        
        developing countries
        
        poor sanitation
        
        traveler
        
        Ingested cyst
        
        trophozoite intestine
        
        Small bowel invasion
        
        dysentery
        
        Flask shaped ulcer
        
        ascend portal system
        
        Liver abscess
        
        RUQ pain
        
        Anchovy paste exudate
        
        Ameboma
        
        Diagnosis
        
        Stool microscopy
        
        Cysts with multiple nuclei
        
        Trophozoites with ingested RBC
        
        Serology
      - Cryptosporidium
        
        Contaminated water
        
        Chlorination ineffective
        
        Swimming pool
        
        Oocysts
        
        HIV/AIDs
        
        Severe diarrhea
        
        Diagnosis
        
        Stool microscopy
        
        Acid Fast stain
    - - Toxoplasmosis
        
        Cats
        
        Oocysts in stool
        
        meat from contaminated meal
        
        Invades intestines
        
        disseminates
        
        may enter latent phase
        
        Immunosuppressed
        
        Brain abscess
        
        Multiple ring enhancing lesions
        
        congenital
        
        Chorioretinitis
        
        Hydrocephalus
        
        Intracranial calcifications
        
        Diagnosis
        
        IgG or IgM antibodies
        
        Biopsy
        
        Tachyzoite stage
        
        Giemsa
      - Naegleria Fowleri
        
        Fresh water lakes/ponds
        
        Contaminated water
        
        nose
        
        cribriform plate
        
        Meningoencephalitis
      - Trypanosomiasis
        
        Africa
        
        Tsetse fly
        
        Disease
        
        African Sleeping sickness
        
        somnolence, coma
        
        Trypanosomal chancre
        
        Winterbottoms sign
        
        Diagnosis
        
        organism visible on smear
        
        Recurring fever
        
        antigenic variation
        
        VSG
        
        waves of parasitemia
    - - T. Cruzi
        
        South America
        
        Reduviid bug
        
        Disease
        
        Acute phase
        
        nonspecific
        
        febrile
        
        Chronic
        
        Chagas
        
        Cardiac
        
        HF
        
        Thrombi
        
        Emboli
        
        Megaesophagus
        
        Megacolon
        
        Chagoma
        
        Romanas sign
        
        Diagnosis
        
        Blood smear
        
        acute
        
        Serology
        
        chronic
        
        Xenodiagnosis
      - Leishmania
        
        Sand fly
        
        Endemic countries
        
        Macrophages
        
        Diseases
        
        Cutaneous
        
        large ulcers
        
        Visceral
        
        Kala-azar
        
        Fever
        
        Splenomegaly
        
        Pancytopenia
        
        Diagnosis
        
        biopsy
        
        bone marrow or spleen
        
        Amastigotes
        
        macrophages
      - Trichomonas Vaginalis
        
        sexually transmitted
        
        Men asymptomatic
        
        50% women asymptomatic
        
        Disease
        
        Vaginitis
        
        Itching
        
        yellow-green
        
        foul smelling
        
        1 more item...
        
        Diagnosis
        
        wet mount
        
        corkscrew
        
        Inc. pH