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Production methods, image, image, image, image, image - Coggle Diagram
Production methods
Job Production
- Producing single one-off items, unique designs or requirements. Its necessary to have highly skilled workforce
- Its limitations are the wide range if tools or equipment, labour-intensive and long wait for the customer and the expected product
- It is beneficial to undertake high value added projects. As well as having employees motivated
- Usually applicator on works of art, fashion dresses, furniture designs and construction.
Batch production
- Can lead to economies of scale, faster production with lower unit cost and flexibility in design of a product in each batch.
- However, can increase levels of stocks at production stages, and unit costs are likely to be higher
- Producing a limited number of identical products
- Found on products with seasonal demand, school uniforms, freezing vegetables etc
Mass customization
- The use of flexible computer-aided production systems to produce items to meet individual customers requirements at mass production cost level
- It requires expensive capital equipment, expensive product
- Found in products aimed at niche market segments, sport shoes, unique paint finishes for cars, etc.
Process production
- Producing standardized goods with raw materials, typically in bulk quantities. It is required great capital injections to finance de operations.
- Can lead to the automation of processes, large quantities of items produced, ideal for consistent quality products.
- The disadvantage is that it requires heavy investment, will not make different versions of the product.
- Found in the production of oil based products, steel and chemicals.
Celullar manufacturing
- A lean metros of producing similar products using cells, or group of team members, to facilitate operations by eliminating set up time between operations
- The production system is flexible with multi-skilled workers. The group motivation increases and the handling costs reduce.
- The disadvantages may be that different cells may work at different speeds, potential tension, employee training could be high, investment in new machinery and equipment.
- Found in components or subassembles
Flow/mass production
- Producing items in a continually moving production line and mass production of standardizes products, that can require from 24 hour work.
- It helps to reduce unit costs, high labour productivity and economies of scale
- Often it is inflexible and very difficult, expensive to set up.
- Found in the production of mass-market cars, computers and TV's
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