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Long-Term Memory: Structures - Coggle Diagram
Long-Term Memory: Structures
Long-term memory
: holds large amounts of information for eyears
Explicit
AKA declarative memory
Episodic: Remembering specific events and time ("mentally time travel")
Semantic: Info you just know/store (ex. vocabulary, numbers, concepts, facts)
Autobiographical: Associating facts with specific experiences from own life
Implicit
AKA non-declarative memory
Procedural: memories for how to perform skills or habits
Slow acquisition through repetition and practice
Intact in amnesic patients (ex. mirror drawing task)
Priming: past experiences influence or increase response to a given stimulus
Repetition
Semantic
Perceptual
Conditioning: pairing stimuli and getting some response in its absence
Classical (ex. Pavlov's dog salivation)
Operant (seems less implicit because subjects may remember reward or punishments)
Short Term Memory
: holds few items for 15-20 seconds
Cognitive Neuroscience of memory
Medial temporal lobe
Perirhinal cortex
Anterior "what"
Entorhinal cortex
Hippocampus
Parahippocampal cortex
Posterior "where"
Entorhinal cortex
Hippocampus
Hippocampus binds item familiarity (what) with context and scene perceptions (where); important in formation
Memory Consolidation: process that transforms new memories from fragile to permanent state
Synaptic: chemical reactions change proteins and structure of synapse
Long term potentiation, population coding, Hebbian synapses
Systems: slow (months to years) reorganization of neural circuits (i.e., transferring info from hippocampus to neocortex)
Standard model: over time, hippocampus becomes no longer involved
Multiple trace theory: cortical connections do strengthen, but hippocampus is still involved
Neocortex is the first layer of the brain that uses neuron activity patterns to store memory
Prospective
: Imagining the future from memories
Retrospective:
Remembering the past through memories