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05 Muscular Concept Map: Andrew Sanchez-Vasquez Period:5 - Coggle Diagram
05 Muscular Concept Map: Andrew Sanchez-Vasquez Period:5
Major Functions of the Muscular System
Protection( cushions the body's internal organs)
Heat generation( helps maintain an internal temperature of 98.6 f, generates heat over a cool body)
Support( muscles of the body support internal organs)
Blood Circulation( cardiac muscles aid pumping action of the heart helping with blood cirulation)
Movement( caused by the respiratory muscles enables breathing, causes facial expressions, cause movement at the joints)
3 Types of muscles and their functions
Smooth( Forms organs like stomach and bladder changes shape to facilitate bodily functions )
Cardiac( Contracts heart to pump blood)
Skeletal ( Moves bones and other structures)
Names of all the skeletal muscles (including facial muscles)- only my list
Facial Muscles
Platysma( Tenses Skin of neck, helps depress mandible)
Frontal Belly(Raises the eyebrow)
Masseter(Prime mover of jaw closure, elevates mandible)
Buccinator(Compresses cheek, holds food between teeth during chewing)
Orbicularis Oculi (Closes eyes and pull eyebrows inferiorly)
Orbicularis Oris(Closes lips, protrudes lips; kissing and whisting)
Temporalis( Moves mandible up,back, and side-to-side)
Major Skeletal Muscles
Pectoralis Major(Named for size and location, located in chest and its big)
Deltoid(Named for shape, triangle)
Extensor Digitorum(Named for action, extends dights(Fingers,Toes))
Bicep Brachii(Named for # of attachments and location, located in the arm, 2 origins/heads)
Sternocleidomastoid(Named for attachment, attaches to sternum,clavicle, and mastoid process)
External Oblique(Named for location and direction of fibers, located near outside of the body and the fibers run at a slant)
Sarcomere
Definition( Contains of regularly arranged contractile actin and myosin, extends from one Z-line to the next Z-line)
Filaments( Thick filament, myosin, thin filament, actin)
Lines and Zones( Z-lines, where the thin filaments are anchored, M-line, the center of sarcomere, H-zone, area in center of sarcomere adjacent to M-line)
I-A Bands( I-bands,light bands or area around Z-line contains only thin (actin) filaments, A-bands, the dark bands of (myosin) filaments, the amount of overlapping thin (actin) filaments varies with the degree of contraction)
Neuromuscular junction
Definition( A Synapse between motor neuron and a muscle fiber that it regulates)
Process( The neurotransmitters release at synapse and also diffuse across the cleft and bind to the motor end plate)
Purpose(Stimulates the muscle fibers)
Sliding filament theory of muscle contration
Step 4( Myosin cross bridges attach and detach, pulling actin filament toward center, it requires ATP)
Step 5( The muscle contracts)
Step 3( Calcium binds to troponin, this shifts the actin filaments which expose the binding sites)
Step 6( Calcium is removed, which shifts actin filaments to the original position and block the binding sites)
Step 2( Calcium is released)
Step 7( Muscle contraction stops)
Step 1( The AP or action potential is generated, which stimulates the muscle)
Action potential in a muscle fiber
Location( Single, long cylindrical muscle cell that is located in the axon)
Function ( Helps the function and signals sent from the brain)
AP( Special type of electrical signal that travels along a cell membrane as a wave)
link to goformative.com
Muscle Covering (TB Fig.8.1)
Tendon( Fused to the periosteum of the bones)
Fascia( Layers of connective tissue)
Epimysium( elastic tissue that surrounds muscle)
Perimysium (connective tissue that surrounds muscle fibers)
Endomysium (Thinner portion of the intramuscular connective tissue)
Muscle Fibers( Contain single muscle cells)
Sarcolemma (Transparent tubular which envelops the fibers of skeletal muscles)
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (The main intracellular calcium store in striated muscle)
Myofibril ( made up of thick and thin filaments, which help give the muscle its striped appearance)