Movement in Geography
Urbanization
Globalization/trade
Migration/people
Creative Destruction
Gentrification
Intfrastructure
Mega City
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Primate City
Asylum
Refugee
Immigrant
Rural to Urban Migration-Push Factors
Rural to Urban Migration-Pull Factors
Shelter or protectiom danger granted by a country to someone forced out of their home
Ex: Many of the Hatian refugees were seeking asylum for protection, and a way to be let into the U.S.
Brain Drain
Favela
A city built without the help or organization of a government.
A city that is 2x the population of the next biggest city in the country
Ex: Tokyo has a population of 13.96 million, while the second largest city in Japan, Osaka has a population of 2.69 million.
Recources and systems for a city. Physical and orginizational structure for society.
Ex: Transportation, communication, sewege, and education.
A city with a population more than 10 million
Ex: New York has a population of 8.4 million and Los Angeles has a population of 3.9 million.
When wealthier people move into a more urban area, displacing the people currently living there
Factors that make people leave rural areas
Someone who leaves their country out of fear of persecution because of race, religon, ethnicity, ect.
Someone moving to another country.
Rural
Documented immigrant
Undocumented Immigrant
Someone who immigrates to another country illiegally
Someone who immigrates to a country legally, and goes through the process of either claiming asylum or getting a visa/greencard
When new ideas replace the old ones.
Factors that make people want to move to cities
Global Supply Chain
A worldwide system that helps supply the world with goods and services needed.
When all the educated people in a country leave.
Ex: In the US, highly educated or ambitious people are moving towards states and areas with better economic oppertunties, better infrastructure. This leaved poorer towns and less desired states less educated.
Trade
Buying and selling of goods
Ex: A couple weeks ago there was a lot of Haitians gathered at the U.S. boarder, trying to be let in.
Ex: There is more excitement and more economic oppertunity.
Ex: There could be a lack of education, healthcare, and safety.
Balance of Trade
Exports minus imports.
Globalization
Interactions between different regions and people.
Ex: There are four stages of globalization: villages, world trade, improved communication, and virtual presence.
Winners from Globalization
Losers from Globalization
Those who benifit are the previously poor and the very wealthy people.
The middle class does not gat any benefit from globalization, and because both the upper and lower classes are earning more, it begins to benefit them negatively.
Vancouve, Canada
Vancouver is the third largest city in Canada, and a huge cultural and economic center. The city tried to improve Vancouver's working class Downtown Eastside, and the gentrification thrust many people into poverty, and took away much of the culture.
Carrying Capacity
The number of people a city's infrastructure can hold.
Ex: The carrying capacity was reduced this year because of the pandemic. Many restraunts and buisnesses cannot hold as many people as they used to.
Ex: When digital cameras became available, Polaroid began to go out of buisness.
Countryside, less population density. Smaller towns and farther from civilization
Urban
Ex: In Colorado, rural areas include Frisco, Crested Butte, Ouray, and Marble.
Cities, with greater population density and infrastructure.
Ex: Denver is a urban area in Colorado.
Ex: In Rio de Janeiro, 25% of the populations lives in favelas.
Imports
Exports
Goods entering a country to be sold.
Goods leaving a country to be sold elsewhere.
Ex: Most of the US's imports come from China, Mexico, and Canada.
Ex: Most exports from the US go to Mexico, and Canada.
Ex: The US's imports outnumber their exports by a fair amount. In 2020, their average was -681.7 billion dollars.
Specialization
When countries focus on what they are better at producing, then trade.
Ex: Germany specializes in cars and other automobiles.
Comparaitve Advantage
When countries are comparativly better at producing something, and specialize.
Ex: The Ivory Coast grows cocoa beans, because they are close to the equator, and have that ability.
Choke Point
A narrow water passage where many ships pass through durring the process of trading.
Ex: The Suez Canal is an example of a choke point in Egypt.
Container Ship
A large ship that holds giant boxes of goods to be transported.
Ex: Container ships are a way to save money because of their massive size. The giant boxes on them are also a convinent way to transport goods.
Ex: This summer, a massive container ship got stuck in the Suez Canal.
Ex: The global supply chain uses different parts and products from all around the world. A car for instance may be made in a certain place, but will have parts from across the world.
Commodity
An agricultural product made form raw materials that can be sold or bought.
Ex: Grains, oil, and precious metals are all examples of commodities.
Fair Trade
Fair Trade is a way to allow farmers and growers earn a living wage.
Ex: In Cote d'Ivorie, some cocoa farmers are apart of the Fair Trade program, and can make at least enough to live, plus improve their community and infrastructure with the Fair Trade Premium.
Scarcity
When a country cannot meet the needs of all it's citizines.
Ex: The global supply chain can help with scarcity, so that if a country cannot produce something, they will be able to trade, and recieve it from another country.
Capital/Investment
When money is spent on capital.
Ex: Capital includes things like factories and machines.
Ex: People who are moving to a new country for work or school and have the proper visas are documented immigrants.
Ex: Many Afganistan immigrants and refugees who tried to escape to Iran and Pakistan are undocumented, and will be transported back.