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Causes of Traumatic Stress Work as a cohort to create a mindmap. The mind…

- - - - Hurricane
        
        Problems:
        
        Displacement: Students will likely not have a place of residence and stability for the foreseeable future.
        
        Student will likely lack access to clean drinking water and nutritious meals.
        
        Lack of feeling safe.
        
        Mental and physical stress.
        
        Solution:
        
        Create a comforting environment should the school not be damaged. A place for students to rest as this is likely a large-scale trauma.
        
        Ensure that students have access to clean drinking water and nutritious meals.
        
        Stop teaching and start organizing the classrooms into shelters that are brightly lit, comforting, and safe.
        
        Allow students to communicate their thoughts and feelings. Allow them to grieve, if needed. Initiate a program for counseling as needed. Continue to have students exercise indoors for the time being.
      - Flooding
        
        Issue: Displacement, lack of resources and governmental services. Constant threat of danger: physical objects, drowning, animals, physical harm -- death included.
        
        Solution: Creating an evacuation plan. Should a teacher live in a community with a history of flooding, then several units can tackle the issue by creating flood prevention plans and emergency flooding plans.
      - Tornado
        
        Issues:
        Similar to hurricanes, the students' lives have been turned upside down. Displacement, nutritional meals, access to potable water, and personal stresses are issues.
        
        Solution: Same as hurricane. However, some neighborhoods might not be impacted, so it is up to the each individual not effected to support their community. What the schools can do is open up the classrooms as shelters. Teachers and non-teachers (adults) can assist the younger children in creating a positive environment.
- - - - List of Ten Root Conditions of Community Violence
        
        Lack of Community Cohesion to Improve Public Safety
        
        Problem: This is as it says.
        
        Solution: Create, again, community programs, such as after school sports, arts and drama, or other activities.
        
        Get rid of the pay to play initiative. This impacts, especially, low-income neighborhoods. It should be government-paid rather than individually paid. Many low-income neighborhoods cannot afford this. The after school programs would allow the community to invest in their athletes.
        **Pay to Play
        
        Reduces obesity, increase school achievement, lower dropout rates, learning teamwork and cooperation.
        
        Lack of Comprehensive Primary Prevention Structure
        
        Problem: There is a lack of professionals and programs to prevent many of the community violence issues.
        
        Early Academic Failure and Lack of School Attachment
        
        Problem: The lack of early childhood education.
        
        Solution: Create school programs at early childhood that are free to students.
        
        Government programs need to create large-scale social settings as it helps greatly assist them in growth later in life. It impacts social emotional skills. Subsidies should be offered as well. Programs should also have scholarships for students to go for free. This will build them up with an early years mindset and positive view of school.
        Invest in Our ECE Programs
        
        Lack of Effective Reentry Strategies and Transitional
        Support Services
        
        Problem: People who are incarcerated have no other viable means to gain a foothold in society again.
        
        Solution: Community outreach programs that give people who were incarcerated an opportunity for success.
        
        Eliminate the recidivism rate by having mental health professionals.Without the attention, they will continue to engage in the same behavior that caused them to become part of the criminal justice system. Get it right at the childhood level not the adult level.
        Juvenile Detention
        
        Inadequate Government Coordination and Accountability
        
        Problem: Basically, low-income communities are not profitable. Government does not spend much on infrastructure, programs, education, etc. in low-income communities as it does affluent communities.
        
        Get rid of the divide-and-conquer strategy used for distributing funds to schools.Create an equitable plan that is fair to all students not only to affluent students. This would mean not attaching funds based on property values.
        
        Solution: Again, oversight committees that are actually going to follow through and hold elected officials accountable for non-action.
        
        Students who come from these low-income communities with violence as a norm need a classroom that is highly structured and safe.
        Create a safe space that students can go to when they feel the urge or need to act in a manner not appropriate for the classroom. Seek, rather than governmental support, administrative support to create spaces where students can decompress when needed.
        
        Family Isolation and Lack of Support Structures
        
        Problem: The lack of support structures at the family household while being unable to interact with others.
        
        The trauma caused at home is carried with them and transferred to others in a school community. If they witness violence, they may act violently.
        
        Solution: I have not found anything reliable on this one.
        
        Anyone have a website or recommendation?
        
        Poor Access to Health and Mental Health Care Services
        
        Problem: Health Care
        Closures for access to health and mental health care services occur in low-income neighborhoods more than affluent neighborhoods.
        
        Solution: Honestly, this again leads to the below one of inadequate government coordination and accountability. There needs to be more support programs to ensure that people have access to health and mental care services.
        
        Government, again, needs to ensure that students have health checks yearly or twice yearly to ensure the health and well-being of students. This also connects to sports as it can keep the body physically fit. Mental health care can be provided by counselors; however, creating a volunteer program that is student-led to have off-site professionals would aid in access to health and mental care.
        
        Normalization of Violence
        
        Problem: The culture of violence becomes a way of life.
        
        Keep the students away from neighborhood gangs. However, don't ignore the aspect or reason for the creation of a gang -- lack of support.
        [Gangs] (https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/violent-crime/gangs)
        
        Solution: Again, create after school programs.
        
        Create mentoring programs for students so they can be goal-driven -- short and long-term. The structures keeps them away from the normalization of violence.
        After School Mentoring Programs
        
        Lack of Economic Investment, Workforce Development, and
        Family Economic Success
        
        Problem: The opportunities presented throughout many cities are lacking in areas of high percentages of community violence. Without investing in these areas, the workforce development lacks. Thus, the economic success of the family is unable to create opportunities for self-investment and growth.
        
        Solution: Work on developing governmental plans that bring investors to neighborhoods, towns, and cities that give opportunities to families to become economically successful.
        
        Schools cannot impact investment into communities with violence. This is where government intervention and initiatives are needed. Students see a lack of opportunity in their communities can learn how to invest into their community by the schools when CBL is implemented and students can do outreach volunteer programs.
        
        Lack of Community Policing Strategies That Build Public Trust
        
        Problem: Disproportional targeting by law enforcement of low-income neighborhoods. Additionally, a lack of law enforcement in low-income neighborhoods.
        
        Targeting Black Student
        
        Solution: Alternative policing tactics in low-income neighborhoods.
        
        The school's need to ensure that the community violence outside of school is not the same in the school as well. Students need to trust that their best interest and safety is of the utmost importance. Use counselors more often as they have alternative sources and tactics for helping students out.
- - - - There can be many causes including but not limited to:
        Physical or Sexual Abuse
        Domestic Violence
        Medical Procedures
        Loss of parent(s)
        Accidents
        Natural Disasters
        War
        
        Effects and Symptoms: Signals that can be seen in the classroom or by teachers can include withdrawing emotionally, refusing to comply with directions, easily going from 0-10 on the anger scale, difficulty building trust, lack of control and/or impulsivity
        
        Response Strategies
        Due to the myriad of effects and symptoms from different causes of Early Childhood Trauma, the child/children should have their symptoms monitored over time with a variety of responses
        
        Maintain Routines
        Routine and structure can help students feel safe and maintain consistency in the one area of their life the teacher can have a direct hand in shaping. Maintaining classroom routines helps eliminate stress by making them aware of upcoming events and classroom activities.
        This response can help when students have a lack of control, withdrawing emotionally, or have impulsive tendencies.
        
        Talk About the Trauma
        Directly talking about the trauma can be helpful to the student(s). The response and reaction of the child can be an indication of needing more help than the teacher can give and a better understanding of how to potentially proceed.
        Other methods that can fall under this category include using art to convey emotions or keeping a journal or other writing activities.
        This type of response can be especially effective when dealing with a group wide traumatic event, such as a natural disaster where the community of impacted.
        
        Buddy or Team Systems
        Depending on the cause or nature of the trauma, a supporting student or even groups of students can help support each other. Using a buddy or team approach can be implemented in a classroom featuring collaborative teaching methods. Using collaborative student based approaches can help not only the student who is dealing with the trauma but allow other students to build both teamwork capabilities as well as empathy in others. This method can apply to students who tend to not follow instructions in individual assignments or those appearing to withdraw from the class and lessons.
        
        Safe "Relaxation" Spaces
        A designated area, in a separate room, a quiet corner of the classroom, or just outside of the classroom, can be used as an area for students dealing with stress, anger issues, or when a teacher needs to talk alone with the student. This area can include books and quiet activites where the student can stay engaged in learning while calming down.
        Individual classes can have different rules or parameters in sending or allowing students to use the spaces.
        
        Help Build a Support System
        Teachers are in the unique position to not only interact with students in need almost daily but to interact with many individuals who can provide help and support to the student outside of the class. The teacher can provide the students with contact to school welfare coordinators, youth workers, school couselors, or other individuals or offices built to help support students.
        Extra levels of support not only help the student but also the teacher.
        When dealing with students who are difficult to control or have impulsivity issue, this response strategy can be very helpful.
        
        Resources
        The National Child Traumatic Stress Network, "Early Childhood Trauma" Early Childhood Trauma Website
        Venture Academy, "Signs of Early Childhood Trauma" Venture Academy
        Jamieson, Kerry, 2018, "Early Childhood Trauma Can Lead to Early Death" Center For Child Counseling
        Kenardy, J.; De Young, A.; Le Brocque, R.; March, S., "Childhood Trauma Reactions: A Guide for Teachers from Preschool to Year 12" The University of Queensland
- - - - long efeect
        
        long efeect
- - - - First, if you or someone you know is being sexually abused, please contact the following number:
        800-656-HOPE (4673)
        RAINN: Sexual Abuse Helpline
      - A link for educators (and others) to find professional development courses and more.
        Sexual Survivors