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Intro & Terminology In Anatomy, Proximal
( nearest the trunk/point of…
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- Proximal
( nearest the trunk/point of origin)
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- Superficial
(nearer to the surface)
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- Interior
(inside,inner,internal, nearer to the center of organ/cavity)
- Exterior
(outside, outer, external)
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- Supine
(position of body lying on the back)
- Prone
(position of body lying downward)
Flexion
- bending/making a decreasing angle between bones/parts of the body
- usually anterior bending in a sagittal plane
Extension
- Straightening of a bent / making an increasing angle between bones/parts of the body
- Hyperextension
Abduction
- movement of a limb away from the midline of the body in the coronal plane
Adduction
- Movement of a limb toward the body in the coronal plane
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Elevation
- lifting, raising/ moving a part superiorly
Depression
- letting down, lowering/ moving a part inferiorly
Inversion of the foot
- Movement of foot so that the sole faces in medial direction
Eversion of the foot
- Opposite movement of the foot so that the sole faces in a lateral direction
Pronation of forearm
- Medial rotation of forearm which palm of the hand faces posteriorly
Supination
- Forearm from the pronated position so that the palm comes to face anteriorly
- Typically, anatomy means gross/macroscopic anatomy
- Def: The study of structure of the body that can be seen w/o using a microscope
- Anatomy forms the basis for the practice of medicine
- Gross anatomy can be studied following either a regional/systemic approach
Each region of the body is studied separately and all aspects of that region are studied at the same time
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- Surface projection of deeper structure is studied
- A method of studying living anatomy/anatomy in action
- A mental picture of important structure of the body forms the basis of physical examination
- Palpation=Important technique of physical exam. Based on the knowledge of surface anatomy
Study of macroscopic structure and function of the body as it relates to the practice of med and other health sciences
- Anterior, ventral, front = nearer to the front of the body
- Posterior, dorsal,behind = nearer to the back of the body
- Superior,cranial,cephalic,above = toward the head /upper part of the body
- Inferior, caudal, below = toward the feet / lower part of the body
- Medial = toward the median plane of the body
- Lateral = farther away from the median plane
- Rostral (rostum=beak) = anterior
- Inferolateral
- Anteroinferior
- Anterosuperior
- Posteroinferior
- Origin = End of a muscle relatively fixed during its contraction
- Insertion = End of a muscle which moves during its contraction
- Belly = Fleshy contractile part of a muscle
- Tendon = Fibrous non-contractile & cord-like part of a muscle
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Cicumduction
- refers to a circular movement
- to draw around/form a circle
Rotation
- turning/revolving of apart of the body around its long axis
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