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civics and citizenship - Coggle Diagram

- - - - decide on what sentence to give a guilty defendant, and ensure proper procedure is followed in applying the law. they sit in an elevated area known as the bench. All people holding the position of 'judge' or 'justice' are members of the judiciary. They are always people who are qualified as lawyers. Most of them have been barristers. In Australia, members of judiciary are appointed rather than elected or employed.
    - - consists of randomly chosen citizens (usually 12) who listen to a case and decide if defendant i guilty. A jury in a criminal case is made up of 12 people, all of whom are adult citizens. The judge's role, where a jury is used, is to make decisions about how the case is run, such as whether or not the law allows certain evidence to be presented to the jury.
    - - present evidence to the court by answering questions about what they know about an event or person. A witness is a person who has information which may be useful in a case being heard in a Court. This information is called evidence. This is called being a 'witness of fact'. If you have been asked to be a witness because of your specialist knowledge, this is called being an 'expert witness'.
    - - prepare cases and advise barristers. A solicitor is a legal professional that spends most of their time assisting clients in their everyday legal matters and affairs. They are responsible for an array of legal obligations and duties, and can provide clients with advice or a plan for handling virtually any legal issue.
- - - - parliament
        
        the parliament makes and amends the law. parliament is made up of the Queen, the Senate and the House of Representatives.
      - executive
        
        the executive puts the law into action. the executive is made up of the Queen, prime minister and ministers.
      - judiciary
        
        the judiciary makes judgements about the law. the judiciary is made up of the high court of Australia and other federal courts