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40,000 B.C. – 2300 B.C. Prehistoric Era, 1880-1970 Modern Art Movements,…
40,000 B.C. – 2300 B.C. Prehistoric Era
Cave Art
. Cave art dates as far back as 65,000 years ago to the time of the Neanderthals. The majority of cave art depicts animals that humans would have encountered or hunted during the Ice Age, such as mammoths, horses, lions and deer.
Prehistoric art refers to artifacts from ancient civilizations such as
Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece and Rome.
Egyptian
art was expressed through painting, sculpture and jewellery, often using an ancient form of symbolic writing.
Greece
.They crafted and painted beautiful vessels used for everyday life. Human forms took on realistic proportions and detail.
Mesopotamia
. Generally, art was made by carving stone relief used to decorate imperial monuments. Ther depicted royal affairs, such as hunting and war. Animal forms, particularly horses and lions, were represented in great detail, while human figures were not.
Rome
. Mythological subject matter predominated art at this time.
1880-1970
Modern Art Movements
German Expressionism
. Beginning as a cultural reform of art and poetry in Germany, this period in art history is coined as
“avant-garde”
, or experimental and innovative. Artists became interested in depicting an
emotional experience
rather than reality based imagery.
Fauvism
. French for the
"wild beasts"
. A vibrant style of painting artists used vivid colours sometimes by applying paint directly from their paint tools. The style kept the drawing simple and exaggerated colours, artists simplify their drawing style and included fewer details.
Cubism
. The artists deviated from the three dimensional perspective, they instead painted two dimensional figures from multiple perspectives to convey a sense of totality and a uniquely modern way, characterized by broken, reassembled and abstracted forms.
Futurism
. Originating in Italy, this style of art sought to transform how we see old forms in new innovative ways. The Futurists explored every medium of art, including interior design and theatre.
Dada
. Dada was an art movement that was anti arts, a part of society that was anti society. All concepts of logic and rational thought were thrown out for the absurd and nonsensical, leaving many of their arts up to chance. Dada art is characterized as Anti-war and Anti-art.
Surrealism
. The surreal is focused on the dreamworld. Surrealist artwork doesn't follow just one style or look. It's the thinking behind it that makes it surrealism. It doesn't need to be pretty. It doesn't have to make sense, and they can shock and disgust people and still be art, so long as it comes from the unconscious mind.
Abstract Expressionism
. Painting was no longer involved in creating an illusion of the three dimensional world on two dimensional canvas. Rather, abstract expressionism was involved in exploring the limits of paintings to dimensionality. This means that often the paint is applied in a way that lets see as the viewer how it was applied.
Action Painting
. Also known as “Gestural Abstraction”, this unique style of painting explores the application and expression of medium. Drips, drizzles and splatters are characteristics of his unique style of painting.
Color Field Painting
. Originating in NY city, this abstract form of painting is known by its application of flat fields of color. A focus on a refined and consistent application of paint is characteristic of this style.
Pop Art
. Pop art explored the influences of Popular culture such as advertising, comic books and cultural objects. It was innovative, because it was the first style of art to emerge that used mass-produced imagery in a fine arts context.
Minimalism
. The objects were impersonal, many of them machine-made, created from new and industrial materials. The forms were often repeated, one after the other in a regular, non-hierarchical arrangement, rejecting compositional balance.
OP art
. Optical illusion to explore the illusion of space while experimenting with line, shape, pattern and color. The result is an impression of movement, vibration, swelling, warping and hidden imagery
Present Post Modern Art
. Today art continues to transform. Artists work in a variety of medium including drawing, painting, sculpture, mixed-media, collage, printmaking, photography, ceramics and installation art to name a few.
200 – 1400 Middle Ages
Medieval Art
. Due to concerns about the Bibles prohibition of graven images, mediaeval artists avoided sculptures in the round, which could be viewed from all sides, such as Roman busts. Instead, artists tended towards dimensional and somewhat abstract art.
Byzantine
. With the spread of Christianity throughout Europe, art and architecture during the Byzantine era followed a religious theme.
Romanesque
. Following tradition at this time, the Romanesque period is marked by lavishly decorated architecture, manuscripts and embroidery.
Gothic art
began with the construction of monumental architecture. Very ornately designed cathedrals with luminous stained glass windows were commonly constructed at this time.
1600-1775 Baroque
Baroque
is religious advertising campaign using art from the church. Baroque artists typically painted pictures that capture the ultimate dramatic moments that showed unfolding events taking place in real time. They use of symbolism and focus on the detailed rendering of clothing helps us to understand the importance of the figures being depicted.
Mannerism
. Following the traditions developed by Renaissance and Baroque artists, Mannerism is a period in which artists created images of elongated and slightly disproportionate figures.
Rococo
. A period of ornate interior design and decorative arts. From the beautiful frescoes to the lavish furniture, Rococo was a period of royal luxury.
1400-1600 Renaissance
The Renaissance
was a time of rebirth and expansion for religious interpretation. The art during this time is known for its realistic scenery, linear perspective and is innovative light and dark shadowing known as
chiaroscuro
.
Centered around the church, art was commonly themed around religion, mythology and portraiture. However, the artists of the Renaissance were mainly interested in capturing the
essence
and
beauty of nature.
1700-1800 Neoclassicism
After the reformation of art and architecture,
Neoclassical art
sought to bring back classical elements of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
Art was now moving away from the decorative and ornate
Baroque and Rococo styles
.
1700-1800 Romanticism & Realism
Romanticism
marks a period in which artists sought to remove themselves from social and political influences. They were interested in creating images that engage strong emotion within the beauty of a natural environment.
Realism
. Then artists began to create images that depicted objective reality. A focus on real-life scenes characterizes the realist style.
1886-1906 Impressionism
Impressionism
.This period is characterized by vivid colors and loose, visible brushwork. Artists began to investigate the changing properties of light in everyday subject matter.
Post Impressionists
took these ideologies further as they experimented with the expressive qualities of paint application and an emphasis of geometric forms.