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CONNECTIVE TISSUE - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Arrangement: branching patter form a 3D network / parallel & free branching fiber
      - thickness: elastic < collagen fiber
      - staining
        
        H&E very poor
        
        eosin but not well
        
        well-stained in orcein-containing preparation
      - location: lung tissue, wall elastic arteries, trachea, bronchial tubes, true vocal cord
      - interwoven/twist collagen fiber
        
        to prevent tearing from excessive streching
        
        to limit the distensibility of tissue
    - - Mainly type III
        
        Arrangement: mesh like pattern / network
        
        location: abundant in LIVER/ LYMPH NODE/ SPLEE/ HEMATOPOIEIC
        
        support : capilaries, nerve and muscle
        
        visible: with silver stain ONLY
    - - Type I
        
        Location: skin, tendons, ligaments & bones
        
        Strong & great resistance to tensile stresses
      - Type II
        
        Location: hyaline & elastic cartilage
        
        Provide resistance to pressure
      - Type III
        
        Forms meshwork in liver, lymph node, spleen & hemopoieticorgans
        
        Thin & branching
      - Type IV
        
        Location: in basal lamina of basement membrane
  - - - Colourless
      - Viscous complex of macromolecules
      - Highly hydrophilic
      - Fills the space between the cells & fibers
    - - Proteoglycans
      - Adhesive glycoprotein
      - Glycosaminoglycans [GAGS]
    - - Medium for passage of molecules & exchange of metabolites [Lubricants]
      - Barrier to penetration of pathogens
- - - - line the internal surfaces of the body
    - - located at submucosa of hollow organs
      - reticular layer of dermis
    - - tendons, ligaments, aponeurosis
  - - - Tissue that gives rise to blood cells in the process of haemopoiesis
      - Located in the flat bones and the ends of the long bones.
    - - White (Unilocular)
        
        Insulating function in the skin
        
        Exceptions: eyelids, penis,
        scrotum, auricle
        
        Richly vascularized
      - Brown (Multilocular)
        
        In the human embryo &
        newborn,
        
        Produces heat & protects the
        newborn against cold
- - - - Cytoplasm deeply basophilic
      - Nucleus densely stained having a clock-face appearance (chromatin arranged radially like spokes of a wheel)
      - Large ovoid cells with eccentric nucleus
      - Plasma cells are derived from b- lymphocytes
      - Found in loose CT associated with epithelial surfaces
      - Responsible for synthesis of antibodies (immunoglobins produce in response to antigens)
    - - Migrate from blood vessels
        
        Monocytes
        
        Basophils
        
        Neutrophils
        
        Lymphocytes
        
        Dense staining nuclei
        
        Type of white blood cell or natural killer cells
        
        Spherical cells
        
        Eosinophils
      - Do not return to the blood, except for lymphocytes
  - - - Descriptions
        
        Principal cell of CT
        
        Responsible for -->synthesis of fibers & complex carbohydrates of ground substances (extracellular matrix components)
        
        H&E --> only nucleus tend to visible
        
        Main cell type involved in repair
      - Types
        
        Quiescent (inactive/dormant) fibroblast
        
        Spindle-shaped
        
        Fewer processes
        
        Smaller than active fibroblast
        
        Smaller, darker, elongated nucleus
        
        Small amount of rER
        
        Active fibroblast
        
        Nucleus ovoid, large & pale-staining
        
        Rich in rER, well-developed Golgi complex
        
        Abundant & irregularly branched cytoplasm
        
        Myofibroblast
        
        Numerous in wound healing
        
        Morphologic characteristics of fibroblast but increased amounts of actin & myosin & behave like smooth muscle cells
        
        Cells that features of both fibroblast & smooth muscle
        
        Wound closure (wound contraction)
    - - Characteristics
        
        Cytoplasm filled with large basophilic secretory granules
        
        Not easily identified
        
        Large, ovoid cells with spherical nucleus
      - Functions
        
        Storage of chemical mediators (inflammatory response)
        
        Substance release: HISTAMINE
    - - Identified by their phagocytic activity
    - - Narrow rim cytoplasm
      - Flattened & eccentric nucleus
      - Lipid droplet (triglycerides)
      - Storage of neutral fats