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- operating system should be convenient to use, easy to learn, reliable, safe, and fast
- operating system should be easy to design, implement, and maintain, as well as flexible, reliable, error-free, and efficient
Three most common APIs are: 1.Win32 API for Windows, 2.POSIX API for POSIX-based systems 3.Java API for the Java virtual machine (JVM)
System-call interface maintains a table indexed according to these numbers
Just needs to obey API and understand what OS will do as a result call
- Simplest: pass the parameters in registers - Parameters stored in a block, or table, in memory, and address of block passed as a parameter in a register - Parameters placed, or pushed, onto the stack by the program and popped off the stack by the operating system - Block and stack methods do not limit the number or length of parameters being passed
Small piece of code – bootstrap loader, BIOS, stored in ROM or EEPROM locates the kernel, loads it into memory, and starts it
- Failure of an application can generate core dump file capturing memory of the process - Operating system failure can generate crash dump file containing kernel memory