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Gallipoli Campaign, Lone Pine/The Nek, Gallipoli Landing (Land Assault),…
Gallipoli Campaign
W. Front / Stalemate / Remove the Turks from the War / Open the waters to move ships
Against the Turks
Success/Failure?
Lone Pine/The Nek
The Nek
7 August
lighthorse Brigade
leadership were sending Anzac troops over the trenches
Shot down
Negatives
allied bombardment overshot targets
NZ troops who were to support the light horse were not there
Arrived a day later
ended early
7 min gap
Turks could prepare for the enslaught
troops were exposed
45 mins 371 casualties
misinformation
there was a rumour that the Anzacs reached the Turkish trench
So the instructions were to continue charging
Eventually colonel Hughes cancelled the attack but too late for the 4th wave
New Tactic
Anzac Troops attack Turkish strong holds/trenches
Distract by the allied troops moving into Suvla Bay + Sari Bair (High ground)
Aim is to control Sari Bair (heights)
Lone Pine
6 - 10 August
Reasonably successful
Australian trooops surprised Turkish forces by emerging from tunnels in no mans land
Turks were easy targets in the trenches
Negatives
Casualties
2300 Australians
6000 Turkish
Break the stalemate / claim the heights
Trenches
To attack the Turks
Gallipoli Landing (Land Assault)
PLAN
25 April
Land at Gabe Tepe but landed at wrong beach
British and French land south on the peninsula at X, Y, W, Z beaches
Divide assault of the Turks
Control more land / waterways
ANZAC's
training in Egypt
Allies of the British
Australia keen to prove its place in world affairs
Australia Imperial forces
Tied to orders from British Command
Went wrong
original beach was flatter - wrong beach was narrow and cliffs
Turks
200 troops tired from Sarl Bair range
(wind and tides)
Turks were prepared
earlier naval bombardment by british navy alerted them to an attack
Have access to more troop, high land, their country
Unknown terrain
Barbed wire
dig in
Negative outcome
Did not capture the peninsular
High number of casualties
The Evacuation
Positive
2 Casualties
tricked the Turks/left early morning
mateship / courage
Anzac Legend
August 1915
Last chance to defeat the turks
reluctnce until information such as the letter from Murdock
Negatives
so many casualties lost
Failure/defeat
Naval Campaign (Dardanelles)
Plan
British/French move navy fleet through the Dardanelles --> Constantinople
Largest, most powerful Navy in the world
Naval Attack
What went wrong?
Turks were prepared - mines in water, batteries on the cliffs, in the narrows so they couldnt turn back
Underestimated the Turks
knew the land + it was their country
Large number of people to source soldiers
many ships were sunk + they had to move out to sea
FAILED