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Humanistic Approach - Coggle Diagram
Humanistic Approach
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Assumptions
Every person is unique and psychology should focus on subjective feelings and experiences and thoughts of a person. Ideographic approach.
Each person is rational and conscious. People have free will and are free to choose what they do and what kind of person you are.
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Scientific method is not a valid way to study behaviour as it tries to be objective - humans are subjective.
Evaluation
(+) Significant contribution and successful treatment: self actualisation and client centred therapy
(-) Rejects scientific approach and its failure to use the experimental method: little objective evidence to support assumptions.
(-) exaggerates free will: they are rational and conscious being who is not dominated by unconscious primitive forces.
(-) culturally biased: self actualisation values in western societies and critics claim that the notion of a fully functioning person in a product of western culture. In collectivist cultures, they all need each other.
Maslow
Physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness, esteem needs and self-actualisation.
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Free will self actualisation: humans are self determining and have free will. Implication is that a person is responsible for their own behaviour - social or anti social.
Self Actualisation: people attempt to achieve their full potential and become the best they possibly can be and is the highest level of hierarchy of needs. Personal growth.
To achieve congruence an individual needs to close the gap between their ideal self, real self and self concept.
Conditions of worth: All need unconditional positive regard which is unconditional love and suggested that this is essential to the development of a well-adjusted adult. A parent who sets boundaries or limits on their love of their child (conditional positive regard) can encourage an individual to have a negative self concept because they feel that there are requirements to be loved - conditions of worth.
Person-centred therapy: non directive and client is encourages to discover their own solutions within a therapeutic setting that is supportive. Treating with unconditional positive regard and empathy to restore the lack they experienced in infancy.