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algae - Coggle Diagram
algae
types
cyano bacteria
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Have a diverse set of body forms, from single cells through to multicellular forms.
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Found in a diverse array of habitats, including aquatic, marine, soils, geothermal waters, deserts, polar regions and hypersaline waters.
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diatoms
One of the most common types of phytoplankton. Contribute an estimated 20% of global carbon fixation.
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Cells are enclosed in a silica box known as the frustule or theca. Fossilised deposits are mined by industry and are also used to reconstruct past environmental conditions
dianoflagelates
The term originates from the Greek word dineo, meaning to whirl.
Are mostly microscopic photosynthetic or heterotrophic cells that have two distinctive flagella whose motion causes the cells to rotate as they swim (may also be filamentous or as non-flagellate single cells). Not all dinos are flagellate, they can have no flagella or even grow in multicellular forms.
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Phagotrophy (feeding on particles such as the cells of other organisms) is common in dinoflagellates.
They can swim fast, at approximately 200-500 µm s-1. Not bad for unicellular algae!
Common in both marine and freshwaters, within both open water and benthic habitats.
coccolithophores
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Unicellular, containing both chlorophyll a and c
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Emiliania huxleyi super-abundant, forming blooms visible from space
green
Green because they contain abundant chlorophyll a and b that are not concealed by coloured accessory pigments.
Appear to be a monophyletic group that has heavily diversified, higher plants emerged from this group.
Range of body types including: non-flagellate unicells or colonies, unbranched and branched filaments and multicellular parenchymatous sheets.
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brown
Another diverse group, including phytoplankton, periphyton, and macroalgae.
Range in structure and size from microscopic filaments and unicells to giant kelps many metres in length.
Most well known are the phaeophyceans, that includes 250 genera and around 1,500 species.
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Exhibit complex organ, tissue and cellular specialisation.
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red
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Red algae include the deepest growing photosynthetic eukaryote known, a crust-like coralline found at 210m depth in the Bahamas.
Can be found in extremes, but for the most part are fairly intolerant of temperature and salinity variation.
500-600 genera, 5,000-20,000 species, majority marine, only about 150 freshwater species.
Some species are calcified and are important in coral reef dynamics. In some cases, red algae known as maerl can form their own complex reef-like habitat.
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general
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oligatrophic, low nutrient levels
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mesotrophic, medium nutrient levels
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