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Tackling Air Pollution from the Economic and Medicinal Lens - Coggle…
Tackling Air Pollution from the Economic and Medicinal Lens
Economic Lens
Content
comparing the pollution in less and more economically developed nations
Industrial Revolution is when air pollution first became a social issue
humans rationalizing environmental degradation by distancing themselves from Earth
Methodology (primarily Erklaren)
Circular Economy
Green GDP
Doughnut Economics
Biosphere and Physical Environment
"social cost of carbon" obtained through Integrated Assessment Models (DICE (Dynamic Integrated Climate–Economy model by 2018 Nobel Laureate William Nordhaus + FUND (Climate Framework for Uncertainty, Negotiation and Distribution model by David Anthoff and Richard Tol) + PAGE (Policy Analysis of the Greenhouse Effect model by Chris Hope))
GPI
EKC Curve and Mathematical Models that support this
Negative Externality of Production
Emission standard
Greenpeace Cost Estimator
How economists create models
1.) We construct a simplified description of the conditions under which people take actions. 2.) Then we describe in simple terms what determines the actions that people take. 3.) We determine how each of their actions affects each other. 4.) We determine the outcome of these actions. This is often an equilibrium (something is constant). 5.) Finally, we try to get more insight by studying what happens to certain variables when conditions change.
Medicinal Lens
mental health
poor air quality can also amplify
the effects of existing conditions
air pollution can cause mental health disorders (such as depression, anxiety, ADHD), as it influences the development of the brain
KCL Air Pollution Exposure Model - measured both the quality of air and the impact it had on children in the United Kingdom
Erklären is still used to understand the direct cause and effect relationship between air pollution and mental disorders (similar to physical health) but also uses Verstehen because it is important to gain an empathetic understanding of what people are going through and how to best deal with it
correlation with worsening of mental health and pollution: when the quality of air is lower, there is an increase of emergency visits because of depression
physical health
potential effects of air pollution on human health: lung cancer, heart disease, respiratory infection, asthma, bronchitis, damage to nervous system, etc.
Erklären is predominately used to understand the medical lens - causal relationship between air pollution and deteriorating human health
Although Verstehen can be used to understand the effects of poor physical health on the public, it is more important when approaching the medical lens through mental health (discussed below)
PM2.5 particles in London - greater than the guideline regulated by the World Health Organization - number of deaths in London related to air pollution is relatively high, but other cities (such as Delhi) are significantly worse
amounts of foreign particles in the air that are major contributors to poor human health are SO2, NO2, O3
Economic VS Medicinal Lens
Similarities
both rely on erklaren by establishing causal relationships
adverse helath implications of pollution lead to economic costs
Differences
goal of medical studies is to maintain and improve the health of the citizens VS the goal of economics is to evaluate the economic wellbeing of a country using Gross Domestic Product (GDP)