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Typescript Fundamentals - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Here you can change the target ES version it compiles to (ES3, 5, etc)
- - - - a multi-element, ordered data structure, where position of each item has some special meaning or convention
        
        we need to explicitly state the type of a tuple whenever we declare one
        
        This is because TypeScript chooses the most specific type that describes the entire contents of the array
- - - - Structural type systems are all about STRUCTURE or SHAPE
- - - - a heritage clause
      - Just as in in JavaScript, a subclass extends from a base class
      - Additionally a “sub-interface” extends from a base interface, as shown in the example below
    - - can be used to state that a given class should produce instances that confirm to a given interface
  - - - An “object type” can be thought of as, “an instance of a class could conceivably look like this”.
    - - unlike in type aliases, you can have multiple declarations in the same scope
- - - - The return value of a void function is intended to be ignored
    - - they describe what should happen with the new keyword
    - - you have to actually define the "this" keyword, type-wise
- - - - Public
      - Private
        
        readonly
      - Protected
- - - - a type that describes any possible value allowed by the system
    - - You can think of values with an any type as “playing by the usual JavaScript rules”
    - - Values with an unknown type cannot be used without first applying a type guard
  - - - a type that describes no possible value allowed by the system
        
        TS provides just one of these, "never"