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Heidi Ochoa Period 1: Muscular - Coggle Diagram
Heidi Ochoa Period 1: Muscular
Major Functions
Movement
maintain posture/ position
stabilize joints
generate heat
3 Muscle types/ functions
Skeletal: move and perform daily activities.
Cardiac:Rapid, involuntary contraction and relaxation
Smooth:helps with digestion and nutrient collection
Names of all skeletal muscles:
trapezius •Sternocleidomastoid •deltoid •pectoralis major •serratus anterior •bicep brachii •tricep brachii •Brachioradialis •Flexor carpi radialisrectus abdominis •external oblique •infraspinatus •teres major •latissimus dorsi •extensor carpi radialis •flexor carpi ulnaris •extensor •iliopsoas •adductor longus •sartorius •gracilis •rectus femoris •vastus lateralis •vastus medialis •bicep femoris •semitendinosus •semimembranosus •tibialis anterior •extensor digitorum longus •fibularis longus •gastrocnemius •soleus
Facial Muscles:
Orbicularis occuli,
Frontalis,
Zygomaticus,
Masseter,
Orbicular oris,
sternocleidomastoid
Sarcomere
A sarcomere is the basic contractile unit of muscle fiber. They consist of actin and myosin, which are responsible for muscle contraction.
Neuromuscular Junction:
a highly specialized synapse between a motor neuron nerve terminal and its muscle fiber that are responsible for converting electrical impulses, into activity
Sliding filament theory
This allows muscles to contract. The myosin pulls the actin across the bridge which results in muscle contraction to do this though, ATP energy must be used. 1. Mitochondria are dispersed through muscle fibers
Action potential in muscle fiber
depolarization initiates an action potential on the muscle fiber cell membrane (sarcolemma) that travels across the surface of the muscle fiber. The AP goes to the surface of the muscle cell along the membrane of T tubules
Muscle Coverings
Epimysium: dense irregular connective tissue surrounding entire muscle
Perimysium: fibrous connective tissue surrounding fascicles
Endomysium: fine areolar connective tissue surrounding each muscle
Disorders
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)is most common and serious form of muscular dystrophies, muscle-destroying diseases that generally appear during childhood
Rigor mortis is a postmortem change resulting in the stiffening of the body muscles due to chemical changes in their myofibrils.
