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What Is Attachment Theory?, John Bowlby, ROOM 1, Other theories - Coggle…
What Is Attachment Theory?
Understanding Attachment
Attachment is an emotional bond with another person.
Bowlby
Suggested that attachment also serves to keep the infant close to the mother.
Viewed attachment as a product of evolutionary processes.
while
The Behavioral Theories Of Attachment
Suggested that attachment was a learned process.
Proposed that children are born with an innate drive to form attachments with caregivers.
What Determines Successful Attachment?
Behaviorists
Suggest that it was food that led to forming this attachment behavior.
Bowlby and others
Demostrated that nurturance and responsiveness were the primary determinants of attachment.
How Attachment Theory Developed
Ainsworth's "Strange Situation"
Psychologist Mary Ainsworth expanded greatly upon Bowlby's original work.
"Strange Situation" study revealed the profound effects of attachment on behavior.
Ainsworth described three major styles of attachment:
Secure attachment
Ambivalent-insecure attachment
Avoidant-insecure attachment
The Stages of Attachment
of Schaffer and Emerson
Pre-Attachment Stage
Infants don't show any particular attachment to a specific caregiver
From birth to 3 months
Indiscriminate Attachment
Infants begin to show preferences for primary and secondary caregivers
Between 6 weeks of age to 7 months
Discriminate Attachment
Infants show a strong attachment and preference for one specific individual.
From about 7 to 11 months of age
Multiple Attachments
Children begin to form strong emotional bonds with other caregivers beyond the primary attachment figure.
After approximately 9 months of age
Factors That Influence Attachment
Opportunity for attachment
Children who do not have a primary care figure
May fail to develop the sense of trust needed to form an attachment
Quality caregiving
When caregivers respond quickly and consistently
Children learn that they can depend on the people who are responsible for their care
Patterns of Attachment
Ambivalent attachment
Avoidant attachment
Disorganized attachment
Secure attachment
Children who can depend on their caregivers show distress when separated and joy when reunited.
Although the child may be upset, they feel assured that the caregiver will return.
They may avoid or resist the parent.
Lack of a clear attachment pattern is likely linked to inconsistent caregiver behavior.
Tend to avoid parents or caregivers
Might be a result of abusive or neglectful caregivers.
Is considered uncommon, affecting an estimated 7–15% of U.S. children.
These children cannot depend on their primary caregiver to be there when they need them.
John Bowlby
was the first attachment theorist
He described it as a "lasting psychological connection between human beings."
I was interested in understanding separation anxiety and distress
Bowlby found that feeding did not decrease the anxiety
He found that attachment was characterized by clear patterns of behavior and motivation.
ROOM 1
BLANCAS VEGA, STEFANY
CORDOVA ARCOS, GIANELLA
FERNANDEZ MELGAREJO, NICOLLE
PEREZ HUILLCA, MAYRA
Other theories
The result of the nurturing relationship between child and caregiver
The caregiver feeds the child and gives him food, the child becomes attached
The attachment was simply a learned behavior.