Biology-Communicable Diseases
Communicable and non communicable diseases
Communicable diseases are diseases that can be passed on and spread, examples of these are tuberculosis and measles
Whilst non-communicable diseases are diseases that can't be spread, such as cancer and diabetes
Factors that can affect health
Diet
Stress
Life Situations
Can produce obesity
Can produce PTSD, depression
Can produce infections due to hygiene
Diseases caused by:
Virus
Bacteria
Examples of disease caused by bacteria is: Hepatitis, TB
COVID-19, Flu, measles, mumps
Fungi
Athletes foot, ringworm
How to body protects itself from disease
There are 2 types of defense
Physical barriers
Chemical barriers
Skin
Noes Hairs
Tears
Stomach acid
Saliva
Antibodies
Not only does the body fight disease, it also readies for another infection of the same disease by storing a lot of antibodies that it created in the first infection for that specific antibodies/antitoxins
Vaccines
How they work
The vaccine inserts dead or weakened pathogen to produce a primary immune response
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How do antitoxins fight disease
Bacteria can produce toxins which damage cells. White blood cells can produce chemicals called antitoxins to neutralize them
How antibodies fight diseases
Lymphocytes detect that the antigen on the pathogen is foreign.
They then produce antibodies with a specific shape to fit the antigen of the pathogen.
The antibodies lock onto the pathogen so that they can be found and destroyed by other white blood cells.