NATURE
Marine Species
Forests
Wild Fire
Causes
Dry Climate,
Lightning
Volcanic Eruption
Environmental ecology
Mammals
Fish have common characteristics.
There are three superclasses.
Cold-bloodedness: They can't adjust their internal body temperature.
Gills: Fish have gills during their life cycle.
Swim bladders: They are filled with air. They maintain afloat, help sleep carefully, and in some species help them live with small oxygen.
Fins: They give motion, maneuverability and stability.
Cartilaginous Fish
Jawless fish
Bony Fish
Wild Life
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Small Mammals
Large Mammals
Insects
Reptiles & Amphibians
Birds
Rabbits, foxes, raccoons, squirrels, chipmunks, and badgers — it’s hard to imagine a forest without small mammals.
Deer, bear, bobcats, moose, and more – the forest is filled with large animals.
Ladybugs, beetles, praying mantises, spiders, bees, and other buzzing bugs may give you the creepy crawlies, but they’re an essential part of the forest ecosystem
Gopher tortoise, turtles, salamanders, snakes, frogs, newts, and skunks; these scaly creatures are a common sight for many forest visitors
Herons, woodpeckers, hummingbirds, bluebirds and cardinals; a good set of binoculars will help you get a peek at these fine-feathered friends.
Ecosystem
Habitat
Population
Community
Niche
Species
Biological communities
Important Forests Around The World
Amazon Rain Forest 
Taiga
Canada’s Boreal Forests
Congo Basin Rain Forest
Borneo Tropical Forests
Primorye Forest
Valdivian Temperate Rain Forests
The place where an organism lives.
The same species that live in the territory at once
Multiple species living together.
The work that each animal does
Individuals from one type.
Life Under the Sea
Cephalopods, Crustaceans, & Other Shellfish
Corals and Other Invertebrates
Marine Mammals
Ocean Fishes
Sea Turtles and Reptiles
Seabirds
Sharks & Rays
They keep healthy ocean systems.
They usually live in compact colonies and build coral reefs.
Starfish, jellyfish, sea slugs, kelps and more creatures live in corals.
They deal with damages from climate change and destructive fishing.
Many of these marine animals stick to complex social systems and show extraordinary intelligence.
There are 20,000 species.
Different shapes, sizes, colors and habitats.
89.5% of fish stocks are overfished.
Sea turtles exists from the time of the dinosaurs, but all species have a risk to a potential extinction.
They come in all shapes and sizes and play an important role in ocean ecosystems.
Sharks have played a necessary role to preserve healthy oceans for a long time as a top predator.
There are more than 450 species living in the world’s oceans.
Almost one fourth of sharks and their relatives are endangered.
Research into environmental risk
Non-animal testing
How chemical things affect
Histopathological evaluation
Genetic analysis
Introduction
All female mammals can produce milk.
Where Mammals Live
Mammals live on land, in trees, or even underground.
Physical Features
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Mammals are tiny and huge.
The female has mammary glands. After childbirth, the mother’s glands make milk. The mother gives them milk until they can get food for themselves.
Reproduction
Coral reef ecosystems
Sea turtles
Marine mammals
They are one of the most unique ecosystems.
Coral polyps are animals that build reefs in many forms.
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Non-clinical testing for veterinary
Eco-toxicity testing
Study environmental risk
Many corals have been discovered; some live in warm, shallow, tropical seas and others in the cold, dark depths of the ocean.
They live in ecosystems around the world.
They have different taxonomic groups.
Some mammals have special physical adaptations which it lets them to spread in the marine environment.
Around 25% of fish need healthy coral reefs.
Shallow water, reef-building corals
The coral provides a protected environment and the compounds zooxanthellae need for photosynthesis.
Many organisms accommodate, look for food, reproduce, and nurture their young in many niches and holes formed by corals.
Deep-sea corals
In return, the algae produce carbohydrates that the coral uses for food, as well as oxygen. The algae also help the coral remove waste.
Since both partners benefit from association, this type of symbiosis is called mutualism.
They have a symbiotic relationship with photosynthetic algae called zooxanthellae, which live in their tissues.
They live in much deeper or colder oceanic waters and lack zooxanthellae.
They take in plankton and organic matter for much of their energy needs.
Benefits of coral reef ecosystems
Coral reefs protects the environment and gives benefits to locals.
Many people need reefs for food, medicine, income, and protection.
These ecosystems are essential for indigenous people.
Threats to coral reef ecosystems
Some are natural threats.
People also cause threats, such as pollution, sedimentation, and climate change.
Threats can stress and lead corals to death.
Unusually warm waters affected many coral reef ecosystems and let many corals to bleach during 2014-2017.
Sea turtles breathe and have better bodies.
They live in tropical and subtropical ocean waters because they can adapt well.
There are seven types of sea turtles.
Sea turtle nesting
Adult females often move long distances between feeding areas and nesting beaches since they have to return there to lay their eggs.
Behavior
Young mammals learn many behaviors.
The time that a mother carries babies is different.
Babies receive food through the mother’s body.
It helps to have detailed evaluation of chemical.
Identify the species
Scientists observes how fish are killed
Samples with in vitro
Approval of manufacturing of medicine.
Safety evaluation
Another evaluation at the end
Freshwater species
Saltwater species
Standardized guideline