Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
6.1 - Coggle Diagram
6.1
Wicked Problems
(Gerard Duff & Alison McKay interview) Unit 6
The end point is not clear
The means to get to the solutions are not clear
Ill-defined and not easy to understand
Hold both the driver and the challenges to innovation
Potentially unsolvable
There cannot be one solution, solving one part of the problem might create another
Accommodate many perspectives of the problem and many other perspectives of what might constitute solutions
Potential solutions requires knowledge and experience from a wide range of people
Osborn's Creative Process 7 Stages
1
Orientation: Pointing out the problem
2
Preparation: Gathering related data
3
Analysis: the data
4
Ideation: Generating ideas
5
Incubation: Take a step back to allow time
6
Synthesis: Putting the pieces together
7
Verification: Judging the resulting ideas
Convergent Thinking Guidelines
(Make Choices)
Filter the ideas through a funnel and select he best and most appropriate of them
Be deliberate and thoughtful about what you filter and do not reject ideas randomly.
Be objective and align with the design goals
Consider the possibilities of the idea before rejecting it
Be affirmative and look at the positive side of the ideas
Consider novelty
Tyron Pitsis and Ian Smith Interview
Ian said that designing is all about the end user and finding out who those people are and what are their needs
IBM's strategy is focused on user experience and design to be around people, places and practices
IBM has designers more than any other organization
to elevate the design capability (The first part of the strategy)
IBM have design studios around the globe and spaces optimized for design thinking (The second part of the strategy)
IBM design programs are constitutes that third part
IBM design research program about conducting user research
Design Language program
IBM design thinking program
The Iterative Loop accommodating all design thinking stages of observe, reflect and make
Observe and empathize with the end user
Reflect is putting together all the knowledge
Empathy Maps
Write down the user needs and preferences
make is all about making stuff that might constitute the solution in the form of a prototype
Divergent Thinking Guidelines
(Create Choices)
Suspend Judgement
Seek wild and unusual ideas
Combine and build on the ideas
Aim for large quantity
Design Thinking Method
(by D School of Stanford University)
What is it?
A structured method that uses a solution-based approach to solve problems
Stages
Empathize
Understand the situation of the problem space
Methods such as observing, engaging and empathizing with people are used to understand their experiences and motivations
Empathy is crucial to be unbiased and to set aside your own assumptions about the problem
Must be divergent in this stage
Define
Clarify the problem
Put together the information gathered in the empathize stage
Start to be convergent here
Formulate the problem statement
Ideate
Generate possible solution ideas
Generate as many ideas as possible
Diverging again
Use ideation techniques
Select the best ideas
Prototyping
Create models of the selected solutions
Prototyping will help expedite the development process
Will give the developers valuable feedback from the interactions with the end-users
Test
Implement and validate
Features
A way of creative problem solving
Used by designers to solve complex problems
Solution focused and action orientated not Problem focus
Helps take a more structured approach towards innovation
It is a human-centered approach
Iterative and focused on collaboration between designers and users
Tame Engineering Problems
The problem and the solution are known
There are pre-existing way to solve it
Osborn invented
brainstorming
Use in assuagement 2 and counter argument in Unit 3.3
Creative problem-solving Process