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Cell Bio & Biochem Pt. 3 - Coggle Diagram
Cell Bio & Biochem Pt. 3
Cell Growth
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Reproduction
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Controlled by DNA
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DNA replicates, transcribes and repairs
DNA replication
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Replication Fork
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DNA polymermase (I, II, III) add complementary bases
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Cell Division
Mitosis
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Cell Cyle
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Cell Cycle Control
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Checkpoints
G1/S, G2/M and M(meta/Anaphase) Checkpoints
Arrested Cell Cyle
protein p53 - under normal conditions is brokendown rapidly, but if DNA da,age occurs, it can be left active which will synthesis p21 protein wjhich inhibits cell cycle
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Cell Death
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Necrosis
Uncontrolled Cell Death
Caused by: hypoxia, physical or chemical damage
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Cell Differentiation
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Stem Cells
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Adult Stem Cells
Fibroblasts have been able to be reconvernted into multipotent cells and they can then be differentiated into cells use for testing drug sensitivity or transplant of tissue
Dental Stem Cells?
mesenchymal cells found in the pulp, PDL and follicle
They can be differentiated into adiopogenic, neurogenic, osteo/odontogenmic cell lineages
Uncontrolled Cell Growth
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Causes for Mutations
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Radiation
ionising radiation
chnages bases in DNA, breaks in double strands
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Process
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Autosomal Dominant
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ex. Huntington's disease, Dwarfism, Polydactyly
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Autosomal Rcessive
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ex. Cystic fibrosis, albinism
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Ex. Smokeless Tobacco
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Smokeless tobacco contains carcinogens which can accumulate mutations in the cells in the mouth overtime
Accumulation of mutations in those epithelial cells, and then dysregulation of cell cycle, causing less differentiation and proliferation of these tumor cells (hyperplasia --> dysplasia)