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THE PERFECT ASPECT, EXAMPLES - Coggle Diagram
THE PERFECT ASPECT
EXAMPLES
I
'll have finished
using your laptop in about an hour
You should call him.
He won t have realised
you've moved.
In a week,
I'll have been living
in this flat for two years
EXAMPLES
Have
you
known
Leo for a long time?
I'
ve bought
a new teleivison
Have
you
had
lunch?
PAST PERFECT
Simple: Had + past participle
To look back from a point in the past to an earlier situation or action. It can be used:
*for single completed events or repeated actions that happened before other events
*after verbs of thinking and feeling
*with stative verbs (have, be ,know, ect.) to talk about unfinished actions and situations that continued into the poin in the past from which the speaker is looking back.
Continous: Had been + ing
To look back to a situation or action that was in progress before a given time in the past.
*We don't usually use stative verbs (have, be, know, etc.) in the past continous.
FUTURE PERFECT
Simple: Will have + past particple
To look back from a point in the future to a completed action. It is used:
*with a time expressions such as by, in, tat or before to indicate when the action is going to be completed
*to make predictions about the present
*with stative verbs (have, be, know, etc) to talk about unfinished actions and situations that will continue into the point in the future from which the speaker is looking back.
Continous: Will have been + ing
To talk about an action that is going to be in progress at some time before and/or until a given time in the future. It is usually used with a time expression such as by, in, tat or before.
PRESENT PERFECT
Simple: Have + Past Particple
To look back from now to the situations or actions in the past that have a connection to the present. It can be used:
*For complete actions that have an importance in the present.
*To refer to a period of time that has continued into the present and with time expressions that mean "up to now" for example this month, today.
*with time expressions just, already, yet, recently, for and since.
*with stative verbs (have, be, know, etc) for unfinished actions and situations that continue into the present.
Continous: Have Been + ing
To talk about situations or actions that started in the past and are still continuing. It can be used:
*For temporary situations
*For repeated actions
*WIth the time expressions for, since, recently, all day/week/ month/year
We use the perfect aspect to look back from one point in time to an erarlier time.
EXAMPLES
He
'd enjoyed
a good lifestyle before the recession hit.
The wife
had been
down for three years