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ANCIEN RÉGIME AND ENLIGHTENMENT - Coggle Diagram
ANCIEN RÉGIME AND ENLIGHTENMENT
social, political and economic system that
existed in Europe between the 15th and the 18th centuries.
ECONOMY
agriculture
: most importante activity
crafts
: controlled by guilds
trade
: increased thanks to the Discovery of
America and the establishment of new routes
mercantilism
economic system imposed by European
absolute monarchs
country's wealth
depended on how much gold and silver they possessed
SOCIETY
divided on
three estates of the realm
clergy
nobility (privileges
third state (bourgeoisie and peasants)
POLITICS
absolute monarchy
: king - unlimited authority and
controlled every aspect of his
subjects
England
parliamentary monarchy
: monarch’s power limited by a
Parliament
18th
period of transition
Englightenment
use reason, science and education to combat ignorance and reform
society
absolute monarchs introduced social reforms to
improve their subjects' quality of life (they didn't allow the people participing in choosing the government)
new forms of industry and commerce
economic expansion
estates of the realms
bourgeoisie more important
intellectual movement that appeared
in France in the 18th century
criticised the traditional structures of the Ancien
Régime and suggested new ideas to change society
nature
: we can find truth and virtue, society corrupts men
learning and teaching
: knowledge gives
freedom and creates an enlightened society
reason
: beliefs and dogma not
considered rational
deism
: God created the Universe and it works according to
scientific laws
atheism
agnosticism
progress
happiness
equality and liberty
POLITICS
voltaire
dogmatism
rousseau
popular sovereignty
montesquieu
separation of powers
Enlightened despotism
: combining absolute
monarchy with Enlightenment ideas
centralised governments
appointed enlightened thinkers to
important positions
education
control over the Church
revalorisation of work
ECONOMIC
Physiocrats
Adam Smith
supply and demand
the wealth of nations
agriculture
crop rotation
crafts
trade
domestic trade
international trade
triangular trade route
SOCIETY
clergy
bourgeoisie and peasants
nobility