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Control of neglected tropical diseases, World Health Organization. (2021,…
Control of neglected tropical diseases
Vector ecology and management
Malaria
Plasmodium spp (falciparum, vivax)
bites of female Anopheles mosquitoes
Dengue
DENV
bites of infected female mosquitoes, primarily the Aedes aegypti mosquito
Japanese encephalitis
Flaviviridae
bites from infected mosquitoes of the Culex species
Intensified disease management
Buruli ulcer
Mycobacterium ulcerans
Unknown transmission
human African trypanosomiasis
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense,Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
tsetse fly (Glossina genus) bites
Chagas disease
Trypanosoma cruzi
contact with faeces/urine of infected blood-sucking triatomine bugs
leishmaniasis
Bites of infected female phlebotomine sandflies
Leishmania spp
yaws
Treponema pallidum
direct skin-to-skin contact
Preventive Chemotherapy
cysticercosis
Taenia solium
Infected beef meat or pig liver tissue
dracunculiasis
Dracunculus medinensis
drink stagnant water
foodborne trematode infections
Clonorchis, Opisthorchis, Fasciola, Paragonimus
Consumption of contaminated food
lymphatic filariasis
Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, Brugia timori
Mosquito bit
Culex mosquito
Anopheles
Aedes
onchocerciasis
Onchocerca volvulus
Bites of infected blackflies of the genus Simulium
schistosomiasis
Schistosoma spp
Infested water
soil-transmitted helminthiasis
Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale, Strongyloides stercoralis
Transmission
Eggs that are attached to vegetables are ingested
Eggs are ingested from contaminated water sources
Eggs are ingested by children who play in the contaminated soil
Blinding trachoma
Chlamydia trachomatis
Personal contact
Flies
Neglected Zoonotic diseases
rabies
deep bite or scratch from an animal with rabies
Lyssavirus spp
echinococcosis
Echinococcus spp (granulosus, multilocularis, vogeli, oligarthrus)
consumption of viscera of intermediate hosts that contain the parasite larvae.
taeniasis
Taenia solium, Taenia saginata, Taenia asiatica
consume infected beef meat or pig liver tissue
anthrax
Bacillus anthracis
Transmission
Breathing in spores
Eating food or drinking water that is contaminated with spores
Getting spores in a cut or scrape in the skin
brucellosis
Brucella spp
direct contact with infected animals
leptospirosis
Leptospira interrogans
direct contact with the urine of infected animals or with an environment contaminated by urine
World Health Organization. (2021, Octubre 19). World Health Organization. Retrieved from Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases:
https://www.who.int/teams/control-of-neglected-tropical-disease