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Aerobic and anaerobic respiration: How is glucose used and lactic acid…
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration: How is glucose used and lactic acid produced?
Why does lactic acid build up in muscles? And why does it cause soreness?
The body prefers to generate most of its energy using aerobic methods (oxygen).
Working the muscles generate anaerobic energy
The energy comes from glucose through a process called glycolysis. In this process glucose is broken down or metabolized into a substance called pyruvate through a series of steps. When the body has plenty of oxygen, pyruvate is shuttled to an aerobic pathway to be further broken down for more energy.
When oxygen is limited, the body temporarily converts pyruvate into a substance called lactate, which allows glucose breakdown and thus energy production to continue
A side effect of high lactate levels is an increase in the acidity of the muscle cells, along with disruptions of other metabolites.
Lactic acid buildup is not responsible for the muscle soreness
DOMS is characterized by sometimes severe muscle tenderness as well as loss of strength and range of motion, usually reaching a peak 24 to 72 hours after the extreme exercise event.
The type of muscle contraction appears to be a key factor in the development of DOMS.
Exercises that involve many eccentric contractions, such as downhill running, will result in the most severe DOMS, even without any noticeable burning sensations in the muscles during the event.
The production of lactate and other metabolites during extreme exertion results in the burning sensation often felt in active muscles.
This often painful sensation also gets us to stop overworking the body, thus forcing a recovery period in which the body clears the lactate and other metabolites.
Acid lactic is not bad for our body, actually we need it. Lactic acid reduce the phs of our body, but it's not harmful since after certain time it is eliminated. Acids are important because they help us digest the food.
If our body didn't had the ability to get rid of this lactic acid ir will be a problem
The liver in our body is like a filter. In this case the lactic acid in the liver is transformed into pyruvate. Part of the energy is loss.
Why do muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation?
Your muscle cells can produce lactic acid to give you energy during difficult physical activities. This happens when there is not enough oxygen in the body.
Lactic acid fermentation is considered as one of the important approaches used for food processing and preserving throughout the world.
When the body has plenty of oxygen, pyruvate is shuttled to an aerobic pathway to be further broken down for more energy. But when oxygen is limited, the body temporarily converts pyruvate into a substance called lactate, which allows glucose breakdown—and thus energy production—to continue.
Lactic anaerobic energy is the primary energy system in sports that require maximum effort. By training at a high intensity the body creates additional proteins that help absorb and convert lactic acid to energy.
Lactic acid buildup can result in muscle pain, cramps, and muscular fatigue.
Lactic acid does increase in concentration when we exercise hard, it returns to normal levels as soon as we’re able to rest and even gets recycled back into energy our body can use later on.
The most common applications of lactic acid fermentation are yogurt and sauerkraut
Anaerobic respiration
The anaerobic process is where the organic food is converted into simpler compounds, and chemical energy is produced.
Anaerobic respiration is a respiratory process that occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes in which cells break down the sugar molecules to produce energy without the presence of oxygen.
Fermentation involves only the glycolysis step, certain anaerobic respiration types make use of the electron transport chain system to pass the electrons to the final electron acceptor.
This type of respiration is only used for short intervals.
During anaerobic cellular respiration, glucose is broken down without oxygen.
Anaerobic cellular respiration is similar to aerobic cellular respiration in which electrons are transferred through an electron transport chain generated from a fuel molecule, accelerating ATP synthesis.
Some living systems use an organic molecule during cellular respiration as the final electron acceptor.
The first step of anaerobic respiration is glycolysis
As oxygen is present during aerobic respiration, some pyruvate molecules go through two other stages that serve to release more electrons, later used to power a very high amount of ATP production.
In the fluid part of the cytoplasm, anaerobic respiration takes place, while the majority of the energy production in aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria.
In aerobic respiration there is an exchange of gases where oxygen is absorbed and carbon dioxide is released.
The end products of aerobic respiration are water, carbon dioxide, and energy.
The end products of anaerobic respiration vary, such as gases, alcohols, acids, and energy.
As a result, anaerobic respiration and lactic acid fermentation occur within the cells and during extended activity, the built-up lactic acid will keep our muscles painful.
Fermentation is another category of anaerobic respiration that occurs in anaerobic organisms such as yeast.