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Lesson 03 CDC - Coggle Diagram
Lesson 03 CDC
3.3 Mortality Frequency Measures
Crude death rate
Cause-specific death rate
Proportionate mortality
proportionate mortality ratio,or PMR
Death-to-case ratio
Neonatal mortality rate
Postneonatal mortality rate
denominator is the number of live births reported during the same time period.
Infant mortality rate
Not truely a rate, it's a ratio
age-specific (<1year) death rate differ from infnat moratality rate
Maternal mortality rate
denominator is the number of live births reported during the same time period.
It's a ratio
Sex-specific/ Age-specific mortality rate
Age-adjusted mortality rates
Case-fatality rate
Years of potential life lost (YPLL)
usually age-adjusted to eliminate the effect of differing age distributions.
YPLL rate represents years of potential life lost per 1,000 population below the end-point age
3.4 Natality (Birth) Measures
Crude birth rate
Crude fertility rate
Crude rate of natural increase
Low-birth weight ratio
3.2 Morbidity Frequency Measures
Incidence
Incidence proportion
Number of new cases of disease or injury during
specified period/ Size of population at start of period
Incidence rate
Number of new cases of disease or injury during specified period/Time each person was observed, totaled for all persons
simply replace “person-years” with “persons per year.
Person-time assumes that the probability of disease during the study period is constant - chronic diseases increases with age, this assumption is often not valid.
Prevalence
- prevalence includes all cases, both new and preexisting
Point prevalence
- prevalence measured at a particular point in time.
Period prevalence
- prevalence measured over an interval of time
3.1 Frequency Measures
Common frequency measures
ratios
The numerator and denominator need not be related e.g. number of people and the money spent for medicines
3,151 were nondiabetic and 189 were diabetic | Ratio 16.7:1
Some ratios
death-to-case ratio:
in rabis it is 1 - in common cold it is 0
proportions
What is?
A proportion is the comparison of a part to the whole.| the numerator is included in the denominator.
the numerator is always a subset of the denominator.
rates
What is?
a rate is a measure of the frequency with which an event occurs in a defined population over a specified period of time.
e.g.
attack rate - prevalence rate - case-fatality rate
3.5 Measures of Association
Risk ratio