Life

Building blocks of life (most common to least)

nitrogen

oxygen

carbon

phosphorus

hydrogen

sulfur

Bio molecules

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Nucleic Acids

Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen,

Monomer-nucleotide

Function-Primary component of cell wall, energy.

Monomer-(Many consider lipids to not have true monomers)/Glycerol+Fatty Acid

function-Provides energy

Monomer-Monosaccharides

Function: Main functions for life, movement, Enzymes

Monomer: Amino Acid

Function-Involved in transcription and translation

Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

Ratios of 1C 2H 1O or very close to it are characteristics of carbohydrates

Has a Amino group, Carboxyl group, "R" chain

Have a Carboxyl group

Has phosphate groups, Sugar, nitrogenous base

Types of Life

Prokaryote- An organism without a nucleus, free floating DNA

Eukaryote- An organism with a nucleus DNA within the nucleus

Extremeophile: a microorganism, especially an archaean, that lives in conditions of extreme temperature, acidity, alkalinity, or chemical concentration.

Bacteria (are prokaryotes)

Archaea ( are prokaryotes)

Eukarya (are eukaryotes)

Different Extremeophiles have different genes that are designed to help them live in the locations that seem inhospitable to us, but normal to them.

Organisms need some genes to make replicas to make into RNA

The different genes are passed down through generations, if a gene helps the organism survive, then it is more likely to be passed down to it's offspring, causing small changes in the organisms that over time add up to larger changes..

Enzymes+Substrates

Enzyme-An enzyme is a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which chemical reactions proceed without itself being altered

Substrate-the substance on which an enzyme acts.

Central dogma (DNA>RNA>Protein>trait)

Natural selection-the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring

dehydration synthesis a

hydrolysis-the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.

Dehydration Synthesis-the creation of larger molecules from smaller monomers where a water molecule is released

Active site-a region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or other substance during a reaction.

Product- a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction- There are product(s) formed after the chemical reactions in the enzyme and the substrate

Reactions

Catabolic-catabolic reactions break complex molecules down into simpler ones, releasing chemical energy.

Anabolic-Anabolic reactions use energy to build complex molecules from simpler organic compounds