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Energy for exercise - Coggle Diagram
Energy for exercise
EPOC
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E - using anaerobic system. There is an oxygen deficit and this is where the energy used during exercise is obtained through anaerobic processes.
High intensity
Large oxygen deficit. Oxygen supply does not meet demand, lactic acid accumulates meaning OBLA is met faster. EPOC needs to be large enough to counteract this.
Low intensity
Small amount of oxygen debt for example in endurance sports. Steady state consumption met which limits the use of anaerobic energy systems and lactic acid accumulation.
Aerobic System
There are 3 Different sections to this system:
- Aerobic Glycolysis
- Krebs Cycle (Can be replaced by FFA's)
- The Electronic Transport Chain
2. KREB'S CYCLE:
Process Fully Explained (In Order):
- Acetyl CoA produced from breakdown of glucose. This combines with oxaloacetic acid to create citric acid.
- Citric acid is oxidised due to the cycle of reaction, where CO2 is released as a bi-product. As well as enough energy for the synthesis of 2 more ATP.
- This occurs in the Matrix of Mitochondria
- Hydrogen atoms removed from compound on stage and transported to the Cristae of Mitochondria by the FAD & NAD.
Shortened Version Explained (In Order):
- ACETYL COA
- OXALOACETIC ACID
- CITRIC ACID
- CO2 & 2 ATP
- MATRIX OF MITOCHONDRIA
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1. AEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS:
Shortened Version Explained (In Order):
- GLUCOSE
- GPP
- MITOCHONDRIA
- O2
- PYRUVIC ACID
- COENZYME A
- ACETYL COA
Process Fully Explained (In Order):
- PFK converts glucose into pyruvic acid ---> 2 ATP moles produced
- Converting glycogen into glucose via GPP ---> Extending process
- Due to O2 presence, pyruvic acid no longer converts into lactic acid
- Link reaction caused by Co Enzyme A, creates Acetyl-CoA
- This allowing access to the Mitochondria, which is where most of the bodies energy is stored.
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Information Summary of System:
- Enzyme:GPP, Lipase, PFK, Coenzyme
- Type of Reaction:Aerobic
- Site of Reaction:Mitochondria, Matrix of Mitochondria, Cristae of Mitochondria
- Food Fuel Used:Glucose & FFA's
- ATP Yield:1:38
- Intensity of Activity:Low-Moderate
- Bi-Products:CO2, H20
- Duration of System:3 mins - 2 hours
- Strengths: Large Fuel Stores, high ATP yield, No fatiguing Bi-Products
- Weaknesses:Slow release of energy, A lot of O2 required for breakdown
Glycolytic System.
System summary:
Enzyme- PFK and LDH
Fuel food- Glycogen
Type of reaction- Anaerobic
Site of reaction- Sarcoplasm
Atp yield- 1:2
Duration- 1-3 minutes (peaks at 1)
Intensity- Moderate-high intensity
By products- Lactic acid
System Journey:
- Glucose
- Rise of ADP
- PFK
- Anaerobic glycolysis
- Sarcoplasm
- Pyruvic acid
- No oxygen at this point
- LDH
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