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TUBERCULOSIS - Coggle Diagram

- - - - This includes....
      - Close contacts of a person with infectious TB disease
      - Persons who have immigrated from areas of the world with high rates of TB
      - Children less than 5 years of age who have a positive TB test
      - Groups with high rates of TB transmission, such as homeless persons, injection drug users, and persons with HIV infection
      - Persons who work or reside with people who are at high risk for TB in facilities or institutions such as hospitals, homeless shelters, correctional facilities, nursing homes, and residential homes for those with HIV
  - - - Babies and young children often have weak immune systems. Other people can have weak immune systems, too, especially people with any of these conditions:
      - HIV infection (the virus that causes AIDS)
      - Substance abuse
      - Silicosis
      - Diabetes mellitus
      - Severe kidney disease
      - Low body weight
      - Organ transplants
      - Head and neck cancer
      - Medical treatments such as corticosteroids or organ transplant
      - Specialized treatment for rheumatoid arthritis or Crohn’s disease
- - - - The TB skin test is performed by injecting a small amount of fluid (called tuberculin) into the skin on the lower part of the arm.
      - A person given the tuberculin skin test must return within 48 to 72 hours to have a trained health care worker look for a reaction on the arm.
      - The result depends on the size of the raised, hard area or swelling
      - There is no problem in repeating a TB skin test. If repeated, the additional test should be placed in a different location on the body (e.g., other arm).
        The TB skin test is the preferred TB test for children under the age of five.
  - - - TB blood tests are the preferred TB test for:
      - People who have received the TB vaccine bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG).
      - People who have a difficult time returning for a second appointment to look for a reaction to the TST.
- - - - isoniazid (INH)
      - rifampin (RIF)
      - ethambutol (EMB)
      - pyrazinamide (PZA)