QA
Cation test
Sodium Hydroxide
Ammonia
White
Blue
Green :
Reddish brown
Fe 2+
Soluble in excess
Insoluble in excess
Cu 2+
Fe 3+
Zn2+
Pb 2+
Ca 2+
No rxn
White
Blue
Green
Reddish Brown
Cu 2+
Ca 2+
NH4+
Soluble in Excess
Insoluble in Excess
Zn 2+
Pb 2+
Fe 2+
Fe 3+
Test for gases
Carbon Dioxide
Sulphur dioxide
Oxygen
Chlorine gas
Hydrogen
Ammonia
Test: Insert a lighted splint at the mouth of the test tube
Result: The lighted split extinguishes with a "pop" sound
Insert a glowing splint into the mouth of the test tube
Result: The glowing splint rekindles
Bubble the gas into limewater
A white precipitate is formed
Insert a piece of Fliter paper dipped in acidified Potassium manganate[VII]
The purple acidified potassium Manganate [VII turns colourless
Insert a piece of damp blue litmus paper at the mouth of the testube
The damp blue litmus paper turns red before becoming bleached
Insert a piece of moist red litmus paper at the mouth of the Test tube
The Moist red litmus paper turns blue
Anion test
Nitarte Ion
Sulfate Ion
Chloride Ion
Carbonate Ion
Add Dilute Nitric acid and Sliver nitrate to form sliver chloride which is a precipitate and shows the prescnece of the chloride ion
Add sodium hydroxide and aluminium foil while warming the mixture, Ammonia gas is given off which turns moist red litmus paper blue
Add Dilute Nitric acid and aqueous Barium nitrate and the precipitate barium sulfate is formed showing the prescence of sulfate ions
Add dilute hydrochloric acid and pass the gas given off into limewater and a white precipitate is formed to prove the prescence of Carbonate ions