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Infinitives - Coggle Diagram
Infinitives
Certain Verbs are Followed:
By infinitive
appear, decide, expect, hope, manage, need, pretend, seem, went, would like
They
managed to find
new jobs
By gerunds
avoid, be worth, can't help, consider, enjoy, feel like, have trouble, have a hard time, keep, mind, miss, spend (time)
We
considered hiring
him.
Infinitives or Gerunds
Meaning change
forget, go on, quit, regret, remember, stop, try
Maria didn't remember
to call
(she didn't call)
Maria doesn't remember
calling
(She called but doesn't remember doing it)
No meaning change
begin, can't stand, continue, hate, like, love, prefer, start
They began t
o encourage
her
They began
encouraging
her
By (pro)noun + infinitive
advise, allow, convince, encourage, force, invite, order, persuade, require, tell, urge, warn
I warned Stan to make the payments
NOT
I warned to make the payments
By infinitive OR (pro)noun + Inf
ask, choose, expect, get, need, pay, want, would like
I
would like to visit
you this week
I
would like her to drive
me to your house
Form and Function
(not) to + base form of verb
I plan
not to work
hard
I plan
to work
hard
Often perform same function as nouns (person, place, things or ideas)
subject (doer of action)
V. Formal:
To finish
what you started is advisable
Informal:
It is advisable to finish
what you started
Object (receiver of action)
I'd like
to invite
you to dinner
Subject Complement (additional info about subject)
A teacher's job is
to create
a desire to learn
Warning!!
Don't confuse To + gerund and To + infinitive
Infinitive: I plan to work hard
NOT
I plan to working hard
Gerund: I'm used to working hard
NOT
I'm used to work hard
Tenses
Simple
Same time frame as main verb
I
expected
you
to call
Past
to show an action or state the occurred before the action of main verb
You
seem (main verb) to have forgotten
(inf) the report that was due today
Passive
use to indicate an action or state that occurred before the action of the main verb
past: to + have + been + past participle
The work was
to have been done
before now.
present: to + be or get + pp
The work is supposed
to be finished
by tomorrow
Too and Enough + Infinitives
too + adjective/adverb + infinitive (implies negative result)
We were
too tired to do
any work today
Enough
adj/adv + enough + inf
Ken is
strong enough to lift
80 kilos
enough + noun + inf (informal)
There's not
enough money to pay
for the repairs
noun + enough + inf (formal)
There is not
money enough to pay
for the repairs
Adjectives + Infinitives
usually describe people not things
afraid, amazed, excited, fortunate, glad, happy, important, likely, proud, reluctant, sorry, willing
George is
afraid to make
mistakes
Nouns + Infinitives
Nouns are often followed by infinitives which gives information about the noun. Often expresses advisability/necessity.
Starting immediately is t
he thing to do