Feudalism and Manorialism
A New Social Order: Feudalism
Manors: The Economic Side of Feudalism
Invaders Attack Western Europe
New Tools For Farmers
Magyars and Muslims Attack
Vikings Invade from the North
A Self Contained World
Feudalism Structures Society
The Harshness of Manor Life
Worst invaders attacks from 850 to 950
The decline in Viking invasions led to the increase in Magyar and Muslim attacks in Europe.
Alliances
Kingdoms made deals with eachother
Definition
The Feudal Pyramid
A manor was a lord's estate. Serfs would be granted use of the land in return for labor.
Social Classes Are Well Defined
800-1000 AD
Rollo and Charles the Simple
Feudal System based on rights and obligations
Muslims are invading from the south.
Magyars are invading from the east.
Landowners were called Lords
Therefore, more land meant more power for lords.
Land they owned called a fief
Person receiving land is called a vassal
Vikings begin invading from the north.
Manors typically only covered a few square miles. They were composed of shops, a church, and the lord's manor house. Fields and woodland surrounded the village.
In what way might a Lord also be a Vassal?
A Lord is someone who already has land, and a Vassal is someone who is gaining land, therefore a person who already has land can gain more and they are both a Lord and a Vassal.
Manors usually had around 15 - 30 families residing there.
Feudalism depended on the control of land
The Feudal Society was like a pyramid
At the top were the Kings
Next, the Vassals with the most power
Below the Vassals were the Knights
Manors were typically self sufficient.
At the bottom were the peasents
Who were the Vikings?
Such as Bishops and Nobles
Rode horses and pledged to defend their Lord's land in exchange for feifs
They produced nearly all necessities within themselves, such as crops, dairy, clothing, goods, and lumber.
Landless, and worked in the feilds
Generally the only resources from outside were things like salt and iron.
"Norsemen"
"Northmen"
Germanic people
Status determined a persons power and prestige
Writers classified people into three groups
Those who fought
Those who prayed
Those who worked
Knights and Nobles
Men and women of the Church
Peasents
Manor life was rather simple and people little needed to think for themselves.
Majority of people were peasents
The innovation of farming utilities kept original thinking alive in manor life.
Most peasants were Serfs
A Viking suited up to fight: 
Could not leave the place they were born
Not slaves, they could not be bought or sold
People invented horseshoes and a new type of saddle, as well as the pitchfork.
Anything produced by their labor belonged to their Lords
The Vikings sailed from Scandinavia, a northern Europe region, to Western Europe.
They had quick raids; beach their ships, strike the enemy, then head back out to sea.
A Viking warship. These could hold up to 300 warriors and can sail in waters as shallow as 3 feet.
Traders, farmers, and explorers
Leif Ericson
They also explored by river in Russia and across the North Atlantic.
A Viking explorer who reacched North America in 1000, 500 years before Columbus.
During this time, the Viking's position in Europe was fading and they begun to accept Christianity and stopped raiding monasteries.
An increase in global temperature in Scandinavia, and all of Europe, resulted in a lack of the viking warrior culture.
Charles gave Rollo a large piece of land in exchange for loyalty
Authority
How did feudalism compare to the Aryan Caste System?
Both forms of government were split into pyramid type groups with the kings and ruler at the top, and the peasants and laborers at the bottom
Who were the Magyars?
Muslims invaded from the south.
Nomadic people who attacked from the east in the late 800's. These people focused on attacking small monasteries and villages.
Here is a picture of what the Magyars may have looked like:
The Magyars took captives rather than settling land. What advantages did this approach have?
Taking people rather than land helped the Magyars because they were nomadic, meaning that they didn't stay in one area for a long amount of time. Taking over people rather than land allowed them to use the as slaves. This also added to their army and group strength. Land can't do much in the time of action, but people can.
The began from North Africa and went through Italy and Spain.
600-700's: conquer and settle in Europe
800-900's: take goods from Europe
How did geography play a role in ending Viking attacks in Europe?
This relates to the concept of religion because once the Vikings took on the religion of Christianity, they changed their way of life. They stopped attacking monasteries.
This relates to the concept of conquest because their way of invading and taking over regions was not only successful, but also efficient. The Vikings created a new way of conquest.
This connects to the concept of culture because due to the change in climate, some of the Viking culture was lost. This just goes to show how much our culture is impacted by the environment around us. For example, without the weather we have in Iowa, we would not be able to grow such plentiful crops, and for many midwestern's their culture is farming.
Due to the Viking's conquest strategy, they were only able to easily-access locations near water. Their warships were great for getting them on the outskirts of Europe and on the rivers, but they couldn't effectively conquer area closer inland due to their sea-faring lifestyle.
Peasants had to pay heavy taxes to live on the lord's land.
Serfs lived in crowded cottages with only one or two rooms. They often had dirt floors.
They would often keep pigs in the cottages to keep them warm.
Peasant life was pretty much just work and more work.
How did Feudalism compare to the Aryan Caste System?
Both were based on a pyramid system, with farmers and laborers at the bottom.
In what way might a lord also be a vassal?
They obeyed the king and in return they kept or received land.