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The Ancien Régime and the Enlightenment image, image, image, image, image,…

- - - - Increased domestic trade
        
        building new roads
        
        improving roads
      - built canals to connect
        
        modernised ports.
        
        river systems
    - - increased exchanges of goods
        
        American colonies
        
        Europe
    - - world's most important trading zone
    - - America
      - Europe
      - Africa
      - controlled by the British.
    - - controlled
        
        Great Britain
        
        United Provinces
        
        France
      - Dutch and British drove
        
        French out of India
        
        1763
      - India
        
        one of the British Empire's most valuable possessions
  - - - craft production
        
        royal manufacturers
        
        porcelain
        
        luxury goods
        
        silk
        
        Textile production
        
        protected from conpetition
      - trade
        
        internal customs duties
        
        abolished
        
        Cádiz
        
        monopoly on transatlantic trade
        
        free trade
        
        America
      - agriculture
        
        canals
        
        facilitate irrigation
        
        uninhabited areas
        
        colonised
    - - reforms introduced
        
        Fernando VI
        
        Carlos III
        
        Felipe V
    - - carrying out
        
        economic
        
        technical studies
        
        scientific
      - important role
      - publishing the results
  - - - luxury goods
      - large workshops
      - simple tools.
    - - Peasants
        
        own homes
        
        sold them to merchants
        
        extra income
        
        reduced agricultural activity
        
        autumn
        
        winter
    - - increase in demand
        
        goods
      - new systems of production.
  - - - potatoes
      - corn
      - improved nutrition
        
        animal
        
        human
    - - crop rotation
      - improved
        
        machinery
        
        productivity
  - - - Ancien Régime
    - - enlightened monarchs
      - important changes
        
        all sectors
- - - - law passed by Carlos III
      - eliminated the legal dishonour of labour
      - nobility could now work for a living.
  - - - Esquilache Riots
        
        Carlos III's ministers
        
        prohibit traditional
        
        wide-brimmed hats
        
        long capes
        
        accept the rioters' demands
  - - - Jesuits were expelled
        
        eliminate their influence over education.
  - - - homeless
      - Roma