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rivision - Coggle Diagram
rivision
main system in the human body
skeletal system
The skeletal system is a network of many different parts that work together to help you move. The main part of your skeletal system consists of your bones, hard structures that create your body's framework. It provides structural support and protection.
gas exchange
Gas exchange system is the physical process by which gases move passively by diffusion across a surface.
reproductive system
The reproductive system is a collection of organs and a network of hormone production that work together to create life.
integumentary
The integumentary system includes the epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, associated glands, hair, and nails. It function is protection, regulation and sensation.
Urinary
The urinary system's function is to filter blood and create urine as a waste by-product. The organs of the urinary system include the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra.
Muscular
The muscular system is responsible for the movement of the human body. Attached to the bones of the skeletal system are about 700 named muscles that make up roughly half of a person's body weight.
Lymphatic system
The lymphatic system is a network of tissues and organs that help rid the body of toxins, waste and other unwanted materials. The function of the lymphatic system is to transport lymph, a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells, throughout the body.
Circulative system
The system that contains the heart and the blood vessels and moves blood throughout the body. This system helps tissues get enough oxygen and nutrients, and it helps them get rid of waste products.
Nervous system
Your nervous system is your body's command center. Originating from your brain, it controls your movements, thoughts and automatic responses to the world around you. It also controls other body systems and processes, such as digestion or breathing
Digestive system
The digestive system is made up of organs that are important for digesting food and liquids. These include the mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus.
Cells, tissues and organs
what is a organs
An organ is a self-contained group of tissues that performs a specific function in the body. The heart, liver, and stomach are examples of organs in humans.
what is a cell
A cell is defined as the smallest, basic unit of life that is responsible for all of life's processes.” Cells are the structural, functional, and biological units of all living beings. A cell can replicate itself independently. Hence, they are known as the building blocks of life.
what is a tissue
type of tissue
connective
it help provide structure, support, defense, transport and bind things. this is a unique tissue because it consist of cell fibers containing collagen and elastic fiber.
muscle
muscle tissue help us to move from inside and outside of the body, body posture and produce heat. it have the ability to contract and get shorter and then return to it original size.
nervous
nerve tissue are found in your brain, spinal cord and the peripheral system. it made out of neuron which help transmit electrical signals throughout the body.
epithelium
it help cover the surface of our vessels and organs. it is divided in several different type such as squamous, which are located in lungs and the blood vessel. cuboidal, you can find this in glands. columnar which is found in the digestive tract and trachea.
Tissues are groups of cells that have a similar structure and act together to perform a specific function.
reproduction
mate selection
What pattern of gamete production and release is there in humans?
Gametes are produced in organs called Gonads. Both men and women have a pair of gonads.
Men have testes (testicles) in the scrotum. The scrotum is a sack of loose skin outside the abdomen which provides the slightly lower temperatures (35℃ to 36℃) needed for healthy sperm production.
Women have ovaries inside their abdomen, where egg production happens at body temperature (37℃).
How do male and female gametes come together in animals and plants?Male gametes always travel to meet female gametes, but there are many ways in which this can happen. The table on the next slide shows two different strategies used in animals.
migration
bird migration
What is the evidence for bird migration?
In parts of the world where weather conditions between summer and winter are very different, some bird species are only seen in the summer and others only in winter.
How do birds fly and how do they get energy for migration?
Birds must generate two forces to fly from one place to another:
Lift to stay airborne and not be pulled to the ground by gravity.
Thrust to move forwards in the intended direction.
In powered, flapping flight, lift is generated by moving the wings up and down. The forces that cause these movements are generated by muscles. Only pulling forces can be generated, so different muscles are needed for the upward and downward movement of the wings. Muscles that generate opposite movements are call antagonistic muscles.
human migration
How did humans spread through the world?
The so-called "recent dispersal" of modern humans has taken place after beginning about 70–50,000 years ago. It is this migration wave that led to the lasting spread of modern humans throughout the world. Other research supports a migration out of Africa between about 65,000 and 50,000 years ago.
What are the reasons for human migration
People migrate for many different reasons. These reasons can be classified as economic, social, political or environmental:
economic migration - moving to find work or follow a particular career path
social migration - moving somewhere for a better quality of life or to be closer to family or friends
political migration - moving to escape political persecution or war
environmental causes of migration include natural disasters such as flooding
push factor
Push factors are the reasons why people leave an area. They include:
lack of services, lack of safety, high crime, crop failure, drought, flooding, poverty, war
pull factor
Pull factors are the reasons why people move to a particular area. They include:
higher employment, more wealth, better services, good climate, safer, less crime, political stability, more fertile land, lower risk from natural hazards
What provides the energy for seed dispersal?
A seed is an embryo plant, packaged up so that it can be transported. It has a protective seed coat and food reserves. When a seed germinates, the embryo grows a root down into the ground, anchoring it and making further movement unlikely. The seedling also grows a stem and leaves to harvest light. If the seeds produced by the plant germinate close to it, there will be competition for light, water and mineral nutrients. Seed dispersal mechanisms help to prevent this and also allow a plant species to spread into new areas
Sensory receptors and brain processing
Our sense receptors collect a wide range of information from the environment. The signals are subsequently sent to the brain. To minimize overload, some of these impulses are filtered out before they reach the brain. It then analyses this data and combines it with memories to direct our actions.
type of sense receptors
chemoreceptors
chemoreceptors located in the respiratory center at the base of your brain, monitor the levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen by detecting changes in the pH levels of the cerebral spinal fluid.
mechanoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors detect stimuli such as touch, pressure, vibration, and sound from the external and internal environments.
thermoreceptors
Thermoceptors is a sensory receptor that detect temperature either heat or cold.
photoreceptors
Photoreceptors are specialized neurons found in the retina that
convert light into electrical signals that are sent to the brain.Photoreceptors give us our color vision and night vision.
nociceptors
Nociceptors are sensory receptors that detect signals from damaged tissue or the threat of damage and indirectly also respond to chemicals released from the damaged tissue.