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Myeloid Disorders (hematopoiesis) - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Dohle Bodies
      - Vacuolization
      - Toxic Granulation
      - Left shifted maturation
  - - - Normal red cell mass with decreased plasma volume from fluid loss (dehydration, GI losses, renal disorders, heavy smoking, etc.)
    - - Physiologically appropriate (hypoxia mediated)
        
        High altitude, chronic hypoxia, renal abnormalities (renal artery stenosis), hemoglobinopathies, erythocyte enzyme defects.
      - Physiologically inappropriate (abnormal erythropoietin producftion)
        
        Dysregulated erythropoietin production or other erythropoietic substances by neoplasms (paraneoplastic)
  - - - Look at the other elements to help with the differential
- - - - Polycythemia Vera (JAK2 mutation)
    - - Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
      - Chronic neutrophilic Leukemia (CNL)
      - Other myleoproliferative neoplasms
      - Usually doesn't show "toxic" morphology (see reactive neutrophilia)
    - - Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML)
    - - Chronic Myeloid leukemia (CML)
      - Abnormalities involving PDGFRA, PDGFRB and FGFR1 genes
      - Systemic mastocytosis
      - Chronic eosinophilic leukemia
      - Other chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms
    - - Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)
    - - Other myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)
      - Essential Thrombocytosis (ET)
  - - - Therapy related
        
        Related to high dose chemotherapy
      - With recurrent genetic abnormalities
        
        inversion chromosome 16 or t(16;16) associated with EOSINOPHILIA
        
        t(15;17) PML/RARA fusion - multiple Auer rods
        
        Treated with high dose vitamin A (All Trans Retnoic Acid (ATRA)) which pushes the cells to differentiate
        
        Risk of DIC - EMERGENCY diagnosis
        
        t(9;11) more common in CHILDREN involves the KMT2A gene
        
        t(6;9) associated with BASOPHILIA
        
        inversion chromosome 3 or t(3;3) associated with THROMBOCYTOSIS
        
        t(1;22) MEGAKARYOBLASTIC leukemia seen in INFANTS and children
      - with myelodysplasia related changes
        
        Shows dysplasia of granulocytes (neutrophils and precursors), erythroid lineage (red cell precursors), and/or megakaryocytes