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THE 18TH CENTURY: THE ENLIGHTENMENT 1.4 image, image, image, image, image…

- - - - is the only real source of knowledge
    - - economic growth
      - improve wellbeing
    - - essential
      - people share their knowledge
    - - crucial
      - all men were free and equal before the law
  - - - academies, books, newspapers...
    - - D'Alembert and Diderot
- - - - Jovellanos and the Conde de Floridablanca
      - reverse the decline under the Habsburgs
      - economic, scientific and cultural development.
    - - people who defended their traditional way of life
      - nobility, the church
- - - - three branches of government (the legislative, executive and judicial branches) should not be concentrated in one person
    - - strong monarchy but its power should be limited by parliament
    - - popular sovereignty
        
        power resided with the people, not in the crown
        
        politics should be based on agreement between the citizens and their government
- - - - wealth is in the natural resources
      - physiocrats believed that
        
        agriculture main source of wealth
        
        raw materials for craftsmanship
        
        products for food
        
        craftsmanship and trade
        
        secondary
        
        rely on agriculture
        
        the state
        
        absolute monarchs should not intervene in the economy
        
        protectionist measures inhibit international trade
  - - - state should not intervene in the processes of production or exchange of goods
      - allow individual business owners to create wealth
    - - free trade
        
        exchange of goods between countries no restrictions
      - free competition
        
        force the business owner to improve quality of products
        
        force the business owners to reduce prices
      - freedom of production for business owners