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Enteric Diseases of Neonatal Swine 2, Sporulation in the environment takes…
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Sporulation in the environment takes 12 hours - sporulated oocytes are resistant to disinfection. Sporozoites penetrate enterocytes after 5 days. Cement floors are big risk factor, and worse in late summer.
Infects enterocytes of the jejunum and ileum. Mild-moderate villus atrophy -> diarrhea. Fibronecrotic membrane in severe cases.
Mild creamy diarrhea that can start at 5 days but most often at 1-3 weeks. High morbidity but low mortality, low weaning weights, long-haired pigs. Most litters affected, from all ages of sows. No response to antibiotics/vaccines.
Fecal float/smear for oocysts. Histo on SI (mild/mod villus atrophy, presence of coccidia in jejunum/ileum, +/- fibronecrotic membrane. Mucosal smear can also be done to visualize organisms.
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Toltrazuril (Baycox) PO once at 3-5 days of age. Paint floor to seal it. All in/all out. Change flooring to perforated, raised floors (NOT concrete).
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Watery diarrhea, varying in severity. Usually affects pigs 1-6 weeks old (nursing & nursery). Low mortality usually.
Demonstrate virus in tissues (PCR/IHC). Sacrifice pig in very early stages. Or demonstrate virus in feces.
Hygiene, hygiene, hygiene! Very difficult to get rid of - must be excellent. Vaccinate sows prior to farrowing for lactogenic immunity.
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