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UK (employment sectors, quarrying, rural area, how do ......effect…
UK
employment sectors
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tertiary- providing services e.g. teaching, hairdresser
quaternary- research, development and information e.g. science
quarrying
harmful impacts= destroys natural habitats, pollutes nearby water and scars the landscape
how can it be sustainable developed and managed? there can be strict environmental controls, use the removal of dust to form roads and landscaping
post-quarrying development= when companies are expected to restore or remove a quarry so that it can be reused.
example= Tor Quarry (Somerset) aims to be environmentally sustainable by the quarry being restored to create wildlife, lakes for recreation and water supply. 200 acres are to be landscaped to blend in with the surronding country side, regular monitoring of noise
rural area
what= area with a population less than 10,000 people
push factors= lack of employment, lack of activities, lack of schools
pull factors= clean air, more land for less money, beautiful scenery
examples
pop growth
south cambridgeshire, population of 150,000 is increasing due to migration
social efffects- increased traffic, young people cannot afford the high cost of housing= older population
economic effects- reduction in agriculture employment cos farmers sell land for housing, lack of affordable housing, petrol prices are high due to high demand
pop decline
outer Hebrides, scotland, population of 27,400 is declining by 50% since 1901due to outward migration
social impacts- number of school children falls= closure of school, increasing ageing population, fewer people working age
economic impacts- current infrastructure is unable to support the scale needed for tourists, main farming economy is breeding sheep but can only provide work for up to 2 days a week
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employment structure
1800- 75% primary, 15% secondary, 10% teriary (pre industrial revolution)
1900- 55% secondary, 30% primary, 15% teriary (during industrial revolution)
2006- 74% tertiary, 15% secondary, 9% quaternary, 2% primary (post industrial revolution)
post industrial economy
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research
employs over 60,000 highly qualified people
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example of a British research institution= BAS (British Antarctic Survey) based in Cambridge, Antartica and Artic. Researches polar regions
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north/south divide
why?
during industrial revolution the growth was centred on coalfields in northern england. The deindustrialisation occurred causing industry to decline and unemployment to increase.
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addressing the divide
financial support= the support from gonvernment had helps new businesses and improvement in infrastructure
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powerhouse plan= made in 2015 to help balance wealth, to develop northern cities like liverpool and develop food, tourism, and energy
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LEP- local enterprise partnership. voluntary partnerships between local authorities and businesses which indentify needs and encourage other companies to invest in them
example LEP- Lancashire LEP, creates 50,000 jobs by 2023