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Christakis NA, Fowler JH. 2014. Friendship and Natural Selection.…
Christakis NA, Fowler JH. 2014. Friendship and Natural Selection. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111:10796–10801.
Human interactions have been shown to have a structured format and regularity (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
Modern socializations follows similar structure of our ancestral hunter-gatherer societies (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
Specific genes are thought to play a role in how humans form bonds (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
In some instances, there is an evolutionary advantage to seek out others who are phenotypically similar to ourselves (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
In other cases (such as for reproduction), it is more advantageous to seek out others with a less similar phenotype (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
There are four explanations that can be possibly used to explain why people tend to form bonds with other people more similar to themselves
1) People tend to form bonds with others from the same geographic region or others with the same ethnic background (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
2) People are attracted to form bonds with others who are genotypically similar to them (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
3) People chose certain environments and, as a result, come into contact with other people who have similar phenotypes (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
4) People may be introduced by a third party or through another outside force and still come into contact with phenotypically similar people (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
The experiment explored homophily and the kinship coefficient between friends by surveying a large sample of people (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
To eliminate possible genetic relatedness between friends, people who shared direct genetic information (such as cousins) were eliminated from the group (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
People who were genuinely friends outside of the study were compared to strangers of similar backgrounds (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
For the study, positive values correlated to genotypic relatedness (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
Negative values indicated non-relatedness and typically, people with opposite genotypes (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
The outcome of the study was that friends tend to share more relatedness than strangers (Christakis & Fowler, 2014).
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