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A&P concept map: skeletal system Karen B. Ramos p.2 - Coggle Diagram
A&P concept map: skeletal system Karen B. Ramos p.2
bone remodeling:
osteoclasts (resorbs)
breaks down to the calcified matrix
osteoloasts (deposits):
deposts into bone in place of calcified cartilage
joints:
they function in between bones
fibrous joints:
most immovable; such as structure of skull
cartilaginous joints:
connected by hyaline or fibrocartilage, intervertebral disc between vertebrae which helps absorb shock and slightly movable.
synovial joints:
diarthrotic which allows movement , articular ends of bone in synovial joints covered in hyaline (artcular) cartlage
name of all bones:
skull:
made of 22 bones, 8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones.
lumbar vertebrae:
5 lumber vertebrate, supports body weight
sacrum & coccyx:
sacrum
- is a triangle structure at base of vertebrae column
coccyx
- also known as tail bone
thoracic cage:
consists of ribs, thoracic vertebrae, sternum, and coastal cartilages. protects viscera in thoracic and upper abdominal cavities
ribs:
12 pairs of ribs, 1-7 are real pairs, 8-12 are false ribs, and 2 pairs of floating ribs
sternum:
known as breast bone, 3 portions are upper manubrium, middle body, and lower xiphoidprocess
bone fracture:
a fracture is a break in a bone
greenstick fracture:
a fracture that is incomplete break
fissured fracture:
an incomplete fracture which is a longitude break
comminuted fracture:
a completed fracture and the fragments of bones
transverse fracture:
a complete break when a right angle to the axis of the bone
oblique fracture:
a fracture that occurs at an angle other than the right angle to the axis of bone
spiral fracture:
a fracture caused by exessive twisting of a bone
long bone:
epiphyses
: extended ends of the bones
diaphysis:
shaft of bone
periosteum:
a tough layer of dense connective tissue
medullary cavity:
hollow chamber
endosteum:
thin layer of cells lined in medullary cavity
bone marrow:
a type of connective tissue in medullary cavity
type of bones:
long bone:
intramembranes bone:
develop from a sheet-like layer of undifferentiated connective tissue, the board and flat bones form intramembrane bones.
endochondral bones:
develop as hyaline cartilage models shaped like feature bones (cartilage is replaced with bone tissue)
compact bone:
very tightly packed tissue, that makes up the wall of the diaphysis
movement allowed by synovial joints:
ball and socket:
a spheroidal joint, which consists of bone with globular or egg shaped head articulating with egg shaped head. permits widest range of motion
condular:
a ellipsoidal joint that consists of an avoid conqyle fitting into elliptical cavity. permits back and forth motion, side to side movement
plane joint:
articulating surfaces are nearly flat or slightly covered. allows sliding and twisting movement
hange joint:
convex surface of the bone fits into concare surface of another, allows movement on plane (uniaxial) like hinge of door
pirot (trochoial) joint:
cylindrical surface rotates withing ring of bone and ligaments, allows rotation around central axis
differences between male and female skeleton:
Male:
male pelvis is smaller than the female pelvis. the foramina is more oval shaped, male inlet is more heart shaped
female:
is wider, larger and broader than male. more flexible then male