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Chemistry Chapter 6.2, Chemistry Chapter 6.6, Chemistry Chapter 6.7,…
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Chemistry Chapter 6.6
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Filtration
Separates leaves, branches, rubbish etc.
Remove remaining suspended particles, algae(藻类), through sand filters
Adds activated charcoal (活性炭), remove unpleasant taste & smell
Water treatment
Aim: to remove contaminants(污染物) in the water, thus improve if for safer usage
making water usable for domestic (家庭的),
industrial, medical and other purposes.
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Chemistry Chapter 6.7
Softening methods(软化硬水)
Boiling(煮沸法)
BOI, DIAM (boiling, distillation, ion-exchange resin method, adding sodium carbonite, membrane separation method-reverse osmosis)
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Ion-exchange resin method(离子交换法) 
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Hard water
Good
have healthy benefits(have minerals such as calcium, good for bones and teeth)
Bad
when boiled, the dissolved minerals solidify, form a hard-white coating of limescale(水垢) → blocks pipes → stops kettles from working well
form soap scum(浮渣) instead of lather(泡沫) when soap is added → washing is more difficult and more soap is used
Types of hard water
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Permanent Hardness(永久硬水)
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dissolved magnesium sulphate / chloride and calcium sulphate / chloride,
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Chemistry Chapter 6.3
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Water quality
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when water quality is poor, it affects not only aquatic life but the surrounding ecosystem as well
Determine water quality
observing the physical characteristic of water (color, odour 气味, turbidity 浊度)
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