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explanations of schizophrenia - Coggle Diagram
explanations of schizophrenia
dopamine hypothesis (states that the brain of a schizophrenic patient produces more dopamine than the brain of a normal person).
the neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger in the brain that carries, boosts, and balances signals between neurons.
dopamine is a chemical compound in the body that acts as a neurotransmitter and precursor of other substances including adrenaline.
the dopamine agonist are medications that work by imitating the actions of dopamine when levels are low.
mesocortical pathway is the main dopamine pathways of the brain and it runs from the ventral tegmental area to the cerebral cortex.
mesolimbic pathway is sometimes referred as the reward pathway is a dopaminergic pathway to the brain.
glutamate in psychology terms refers to a chemical that nerve cells use to send signals to other cells.
antagonist is a chemical or a drug that binds receptors in the brain and prevents on agonist from having a reaction.
amphetamine can be medication used that acts as a central nervous system stimulant that affects chemicals in the brain and nerves that contribute to hyperactivity and impulse control.
role of drugs
amphetamine or agonists lead to an increase in dopamine levels (DA).
large quantities can lead to schizophrenia symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations.
if drugs are given to schizophrenic patients their symptoms can worsen over time.
glutamate hypothesis
a theory first emerged in the 1980's which gathered support and traced the origins of schizophrenia symptoms to the neurotransmitter glutamate rather than dopamine.
glutamate is the major "excitatory" neurotransmitter in the brain, which means that it helps to activate neurons and other brain cells.
it is said that a decrease in activity of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate is responsible for the possible upbringing of schizophrenia.
glutamate is thought to control the amount of dopamine released by the brain, and normally seems to lower levels of dopamine.
genetics
monozygotic twins are identical twins with the same pair of genes.
dizygotic twins are non-identical but don't share the same fertilized egg.
concordance rate refers to the percent of cases in which both members of a pair have a particular attribute.
genetics is the study of heredity in general and of genes.
nature is the study which is influenced by genetic inheritance and other biological factors.
nurture is the study which refers to all the environmental variables that impact us in society.
social causation hypothesis
social adversity is an acute or chronic exposures which hypothetically would impact on health mainly by directly threatening salient relationships.
urbanicity is the number of people to area surface and comparing them to others etc. large cities versus small cities to compare population.
social isolation refers to people who lack social connections which leads to the feeling of loneliness.
immigrant populations is people residing in a country but born in a different country.
minority status is the category of people who experience relative disadvantage in relation to members or a dominant social group.