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6.2 Blood: The transport system - Coggle Diagram
6.2
Blood: The transport system
The Heart & how it pumps blood around the body
Cardiac cycle
Deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the
Vena Cava
Blood is pumped to the lungs by the right ventricle so it can pick up oxygen and expel carbon dioxide
Oxygenated blood
flows along the
pulmonary vein
back to the heart, into the
left atrium
Blood is pushed from the left atrium to the left ventricle which squeezes hard, pumping blood to Aorta and the body
Diagram
Note that there is separate circulation for the lungs
"Double Circulation"
Note the function of the atrioventricular and semilunar valves
Sinoatrial node (SAN) - the pacemaker
The heartbeat is triggered by this group of special cells in the right atrium
The SAN sends out an electrical signal that stimulates contractions as it propogrates through the atrial walls and then the ventricle walls (0.1 secs later)
Control of the heart beat
Changing the heart rate
Increased or decreased by impulses from the medulla (brain) to the heart
Low blood pressure, low oxygen concentration and low pH all indicate "speed up"
High blood pressure, high oxygen concentration and high pH all indicate "slow down"
Epinephrine increases the heart rate to prepare for vigorous activity
Flight or fight
The "pipes" that carry the blood around the body
Arteries
"A"
Arteries
carry blood
away
from heart
Aorta the largest artery in the body, where blood exits the <blank>
Capillaries
Veins
What makes up blood?