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geog chap 4 - Coggle Diagram
floods
flash floods
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usually due to lack of vegetation and plants in the area, water cannot infiltrate the soil, thus leading to surface runoff which will flood low-lying areas
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drought
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there will not be enough water to replenish water that is used by humans and water that is lost thru evaporation / transpiration; water bodies will start to dry up
water supports the water ecosystem; many plants and animals live in water, humans eat these aquatic animals
water pollution
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impacts
water pollution will cause the water quality to fall, thus reducing the amount of clean water that can be used by humans
pesticides that area released into the water will cause plants to die and will poison aquatic animals
fertilisers that are released into the water will cause the growth of algae. when they eventually die, bacteria will decompose it and during the decomposing process, the bacteria will take in oxygen from the water. this will reduce the amount of oxygen in the water, causing aquatic animals and plants to die
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rhine river
what happened?
was severely polluted, a toxic chemical spill worsened the situation
what was done?
switzerland, france and germany governments worked together
set up monitoring stations along the river, it measured water quality every 6 minutes
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water quality is measure by factors such as temperature, amount of dissolved oxygen, ph value and turbidity level. these factors determine how well aquatic plants can grow and the range of aquatic animals that can survive there
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importing water
countries with an abundance of water might share with their neighbouring countries, where water is relatively scarce.
sinagpore has two water importing contracts wuth malaysia that will expire in 2061. by then, singapore plans to depend on our own technology for water
serbis imports water to kuwait. kuwait’s groundwater had dried up years ago while serbia has over 300 mineral springs and 25 factories for treating water so they are able to import quality water to kuwait
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